ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Chimpanzees Infected With SIV Do Develop And Die From AIDS, Contrary To Prevailing View
• Promising First-in-class Drug Candidate For Genetic Protein-misfolding Disease
• Music Is The Engine Of New Lab-on-a-chip Device
• Bad Mitochondria May Actually Be Good For You
• Experiments Show 'Artificial Gravity' Can Prevent Muscle Loss In Space
• Stop And Smell The Flowers -- The Scent Really Can Soothe Stress
• Predator-Prey Interactions Are Key 'Conductors' Of Nature's Synchronicity
• Genetic Marker Linked To Problem Behaviors In Adults With Developmental Disabilities
• Purer Water With Long Shelf Life Made Possible With One Atom Change To Water Purification Product
• Anti-Epilepsy Drug Risk On Cognitive Function For Unborn Children
• Motor Molecules Use Random Walks To Make Deliveries In Living Cells
• Close Caregiver Relationship May Slow Alzheimer's Decline
• New Discovery Suggests Trees Evolved Camouflage Defense Against Long Extinct Predator
• Potential New Drug Target For Diabetes And Alzheimer's Disease
• Weight-gain Guidelines For Women Pregnant With Twins
• Extreme Glucose Levels In Diabetic Patients With Heart Failure Linked To Increase Risk Of Deaths
• New Statistical Tool Identifies Predictable Economic Variables
• Life After Chemotherapy: Daily Tasks, Quality Of Life May Be Affected, Researcher Finds
• Quantum Measurements: Common Sense Is Not Enough, Physicists Show
• New Insights Into Causes Of Anorexia
• Industrial Air Pollution Worse Than Vehicle Exhaust For Breathing Problems In Children
• Cell Division Find Prompts Overhaul Of Immune Response Modeling
• Corn Yield Stability Varies With Rotations, Fertility
• Screening For Childhood Depressive Symptoms Could Start In Second Grade
• Uterine Cells Produce Their Own Estrogen During Pregnancy
• Lighting Revolution Forecast By Top Scientist
• Refining Most Effective Methods To Predict Alzheimer's Disease
• Light Shed On DNA Mechanisms
• Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease Rising In Poor, Young
• Human Spear Likely Cause Of Death Of Neandertal
• First Model Motor Nerve System That's Insulated And Organized Like Human Body
• Warming Climate Threatens California Fruit And Nut Production
• Treatment Of Cystic Fibrosis: Encouraging New Results For Miglustat
• Chasing Tiny Vehicles: Microscope Shows How Nanoferries Invade Cells
• What A Coincidence! Personal Connections Improve Sales
• Scientists Present First Genetic Evidence For Why Placebos Work
• Common Cold Virus Efficiently Delivers Corrected Gene To Cystic Fibrosis Cells
• Cell Phones Turned Into Fluorescent Microscopes
• Insights Into Failed HIV-1 Vaccine Trial
• 'Lab On A Chip' To Give Growers Real-time Glimpse Into Water Stress In Plants
• Parental Stress And Air Pollution Linked To Children’s Risk For Developing Asthma

Chimpanzees Infected With SIV Do Develop And Die From AIDS, Contrary To Prevailing View Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Researchers have shown that African wild chimpanzees infected with simian immunodeficiency virus, an HIV-1-like virus, die prematurely and develop hallmarks of HIV-1 infection and AIDS.

Promising First-in-class Drug Candidate For Genetic Protein-misfolding Disease Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT A promising new drug candidate -- the first in its class -- has been discovered for patients with a genetic protein-misfolding disease. The new drug tafamidis significantly halts disease progression for patients with a disease called Transthyretin (TTR) amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR-PN).

Music Is The Engine Of New Lab-on-a-chip Device Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Music, rather than electromechanical valves, can drive experimental samples through a lab-on-a-chip in a new system. This development could significantly simplify the process of conducting experiments in microfluidic devices.

Bad Mitochondria May Actually Be Good For You Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Mice with a defective mitochondrial protein called MCLK1 produce elevated amounts of reactive oxygen when young; that should spell disaster, yet according to a new study these mice actually age at a slower rate and live longer than normal mice.

Experiments Show 'Artificial Gravity' Can Prevent Muscle Loss In Space Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Researchers have conducted the first human experiments using a device intended to counteract the muscle-wasting effect of long periods in weightlessness -- a NASA centrifuge that spins a test subject with feet outward to create a force two and a half times that of gravity. Working with volunteers kept in bed for three weeks to simulate zero-gravity conditions, they found that just one hour a day on the centrifuge was sufficient to restore muscle synthesis.

Stop And Smell The Flowers -- The Scent Really Can Soothe Stress Posted: 23 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Feeling stressed? Then try savoring the scent of lemon, mango, lavender or other fragrant plants. Scientists in Japan are reporting the first scientific evidence that inhaling certain fragrances alter gene activity and blood chemistry in ways that can reduce stress levels.

Predator-Prey Interactions Are Key 'Conductors' Of Nature's Synchronicity Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Predator-prey interactions are the "conductors" of synchronicity in living organisms, according to new research.

Genetic Marker Linked To Problem Behaviors In Adults With Developmental Disabilities Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT A common variation of the gene involved in regulating serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain may be linked to problem behaviors in adults with developmental and intellectual disabilities, new research indicates.

Purer Water With Long Shelf Life Made Possible With One Atom Change To Water Purification Product Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT By substituting a single atom in a molecule widely used to purify water, researchers have created a far more effective decontaminant with a shelf life superior to products currently on the market. The substitution isn't performed atom by atom using nanoscopic tweezers but rather uses a simple chemical process of dissolving aluminum salts in water, gallium salts into a sodium hydroxide solution and then slowly adding the sodium hydroxide solution to the aluminum solution while heating.

Anti-Epilepsy Drug Risk On Cognitive Function For Unborn Children Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Interim results of a new study suggest that children aged three years and younger, who are born to women taking the anti-epileptic drug sodium valproate whilst pregnant, are likely to have an IQ of six to nine points lower than average.

Motor Molecules Use Random Walks To Make Deliveries In Living Cells Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Cells rely on tiny molecular motors to deliver cargo, such as mRNA and organelles, within the cell. The critical nature of this transport system is evidenced by the fact that disruption of motors by genetic defects leads to fatal diseases in humans. Although investigators have isolated these motor to study their function in a controlled environment outside the cell, it has been difficult for researchers to follow these fascinating molecular transporters in their natural environment, the living cell.

Close Caregiver Relationship May Slow Alzheimer's Decline Posted: 23 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT A particularly close relationship with caregivers may give people with Alzheimer's disease a marked edge over those without one in retaining mind and brain function over time. The beneficial effect of emotional intimacy that the researchers saw among participants was on par with some drugs used to treat the disease.

New Discovery Suggests Trees Evolved Camouflage Defense Against Long Extinct Predator Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Many animal species such as snakes, insects and fish have evolved camouflage defenses to deter attack from their predators. Biologists have now discovered that trees in New Zealand have evolved a similar defense to protect themselves from extinct giant birds, providing the first evidence of this strategy in plant life.

Potential New Drug Target For Diabetes And Alzheimer's Disease Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A cellular protein that may prevent nerve cells from dying also helps to improve insulin action and lower blood glucose levels, according to a new study.

Weight-gain Guidelines For Women Pregnant With Twins Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Healthy, normal-weight women pregnant with twins should gain between 37 and 54 pounds, according to research from a professor who helped shape the recently released national guidelines on gestational weight gain.

Extreme Glucose Levels In Diabetic Patients With Heart Failure Linked To Increase Risk Of Deaths Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Compared with patients with moderately controlled glucose levels, diabetic patients who have heart failure and either too high or too low glucose levels may be at increased risk of death, say researchers in a new study.

New Statistical Tool Identifies Predictable Economic Variables Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT You don't need a crystal ball to tell you what is going to happen next in the economy. You need a statistical model. A new method can help researchers determine which economic variables they should focus on by identifying whether a variable can be predicted.

Life After Chemotherapy: Daily Tasks, Quality Of Life May Be Affected, Researcher Finds Posted: 23 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new study reveals that, following chemotherapy, mild decreases in skills, such as verbal fluency and problem-solving ability, affect the quality of life for cancer survivors.

Quantum Measurements: Common Sense Is Not Enough, Physicists Show Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT In comparison to classical physics, quantum physics predicts that the properties of a quantum mechanical system depend on the measurement context, i.e., whether other system measurements are carried out. Physicists have for the first time proven in a comprehensive experiment that it is not possible to explain quantum phenomena in non-contextual terms.

New Insights Into Causes Of Anorexia Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT New imaging technology provides insight into abnormalities in the brain circuitry of patients with anorexia nervosa (commonly known as anorexia) that may contribute to the puzzling symptoms found in people with the eating disorder.

Industrial Air Pollution Worse Than Vehicle Exhaust For Breathing Problems In Children Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers can now confirm that air pollution caused by industry has even more grave effects than vehicle exhaust fumes.

Cell Division Find Prompts Overhaul Of Immune Response Modeling Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT New research into the mechanics of how two types of white blood cells grow and die is fundamentally changing the development of computer models that are used to predict how immune system cells respond to a pathogenic threat.

Corn Yield Stability Varies With Rotations, Fertility Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT A recent study investigated the effects of long-term cropping systems on corn grain yields, yield trends, and yield stability over the last 16 years of a long-term fertility and cropping systems experiment. This study suggests that on average in a productive Central Pennsylvania soil, the yield of corn rotated with alfalfa, red clover and timothy is modestly higher and less variable than corn grown exclusively.

Screening For Childhood Depressive Symptoms Could Start In Second Grade Posted: 22 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT New research indicates that screening children for symptoms of depression, the most common mental health disorder in the United States, can begin a lot earlier than previously thought, as early as the second grade.

Uterine Cells Produce Their Own Estrogen During Pregnancy Posted: 22 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT For the first time, researchers identify the uterus as an endocrine organ.

Lighting Revolution Forecast By Top Scientist Posted: 22 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT New developments in a substance which emits brilliant light could lead to a revolution in lighting for the home and office in five years, claims a leading UK materials scientist. The source of the huge potential he foresees, gallium nitride (GaN), is already used for some lighting applications such as camera flashes, bicycle lights, mobile phones and interior lighting for buses, trains and planes. It could reduce the typical electricity consumption for lighting of a developed country by around 75% while delivering major cuts in carbon dioxide emissions from power stations, and preserving fossil fuel reserves.

Refining Most Effective Methods To Predict Alzheimer's Disease Posted: 22 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT A new study found that the clinical criteria for mild cognitive impairment is better at predicting who will develop Alzheimer's disease than a single memory test. This is one more piece of information to aid in the identification and early treatment of individuals most likely to develop Alzheimer's disease.

Light Shed On DNA Mechanisms Posted: 22 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT By manipulating individual atoms in DNA and forming unique molecules, a researcher hopes to open new avenues in research towards better understanding the mechanisms of DNA replication and transcription, and perhaps leading to new treatments for diseases.

Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease Rising In Poor, Young Posted: 22 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Cardiovascular disease is increasing in adults under 50 and those of lower socioeconomic status, despite recent trends which show that cardiovascular disease is declining in Canada overall, say researchers. Untreated cardiovascular disease can lead to heart failure, coronary artery disease and death, and is the most common cause of hospitalization in North America.

Human Spear Likely Cause Of Death Of Neandertal Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT The wound that ultimately killed a Neandertal man between 50,000 and 75,000 years was most likely caused by a thrown spear, the kind modern humans used but Neandertals did not, according to new research.

First Model Motor Nerve System That's Insulated And Organized Like Human Body Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers report on the first lab-grown motor nerves that are insulated and organized just like they are in the human body. The model system will drastically improve understanding of the causes of myelin-related conditions, such as diabetic neuropathy and later, possibly multiple sclerosis.

Warming Climate Threatens California Fruit And Nut Production Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Winter chill, a vital climatic trigger for many tree crops, is likely to decrease by more than 50 percent during this century as global climate warms, making California no longer suitable for growing many fruit and nut crops, according to researchers.

Treatment Of Cystic Fibrosis: Encouraging New Results For Miglustat Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Miglustat is a drug currently under phase 2 clinical trials on patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. Its potential for treating the disease was discovered in 2006 and researchers can now show that daily, long-term treatment of human cystic fibrosis cells with low doses of miglustat corrects the main pathological abnormalities. They are therefore extremely hopeful that miglustat will prove effective with patients, and become the first drug able to treat the disease rather than the symptoms.

Chasing Tiny Vehicles: Microscope Shows How Nanoferries Invade Cells Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT In future therapies, synthetic nanoparticles may well be able to ferry medicines and even genes to targets inside the body. These nanovehicles can now be directly tested and optimized using a highly sensitive microscopic method that can trace single particles all the way into a cell.

What A Coincidence! Personal Connections Improve Sales Posted: 22 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT If a salesperson shares a birthday or a birthplace with you, you're more likely to make a purchase, and feel good about it, according to a new study.

Scientists Present First Genetic Evidence For Why Placebos Work Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have found a new explanation for why placebos work -- genetics. They report that in people suffering from major depressive disorder, genes that influence the brain's reward pathways may modulate the response to placebo.

Common Cold Virus Efficiently Delivers Corrected Gene To Cystic Fibrosis Cells Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have worked for 20 years to perfect gene therapy for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, which causes the body to produce dehydrated, thicker-than-normal mucus that clogs the lungs and leads to life threatening infections. Now scientists have found what may be the most efficient way to deliver a corrected gene to lung cells collected from cystic fibrosis patients.

Cell Phones Turned Into Fluorescent Microscopes Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have developed a cell phone microscope that not only takes color images of malaria parasites, but of tuberculosis bacteria labeled with fluorescent markers. The latest milestone moves a major step forward in taking clinical microscopy out of specialized laboratories into field settings for disease screening and diagnoses.

Insights Into Failed HIV-1 Vaccine Trial Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT The leading explanation for why the Merck HIV-1 vaccine candidate was ineffective is ruled out in new study.

'Lab On A Chip' To Give Growers Real-time Glimpse Into Water Stress In Plants Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT An embedded microsensor capable of measuring real-time water stress in living plants has been developed. In theory, the sensor will help vintners strike the precise balance between drought and overwatering -- both of which diminish the quality of wine grapes.

Parental Stress And Air Pollution Linked To Children’s Risk For Developing Asthma Posted: 22 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Children with stressed out parents may be more susceptible to developing asthma associated with environmental triggers such as high levels of traffic-related pollution and tobacco smoke, according to a new study.

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