ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• New Kind Of Astronomical Object Around Black Hole: Living Fossil Records 'Supermassive' Kick
• Hearing Manipulated By Electronics
• Ozone, Nitrogen Change The Way Rising Carbon Dioxide Affects Earth's Water
• Dry Mouth Linked To Prescription And Over The Counter Drugs
• Cellphone TV? Viewing Photos And Video On Cell Phone Made Easier With New Mini Beamer
• Scientific Achievements Less Prominent Than A Decade Ago
• Nanopillars Promise Cheap, Efficient, Flexible Solar Cells
• Attractive Males Release Fewer Sperm
• Straighten Up And Fly Right: Moths Benefit More From Flexible Wings Than Rigid
• Scientists Solve Mystery About Why HIV Patients Are More Susceptible To TB Infection
• Prairie Dogs: Influencing The Accumulation Of Metals In Plants?
• Withdrawal Syndrome After Consumption Of Designer Drug 'Spice Gold'
• Reduced Diet Thwarts Aging, Disease In Monkeys
• Potential Fix For Damaged Knees Identified
• Obsidian 'Trail' Provides Clues To How Humans Settled, Interacted In Kuril Islands
• Single Thawed Embryo Transfer After PGD Does Not Affect Pregnancy Rates
• Treating Lazy Eyes With A Joystick
• Severity Of Mental Disease Can Be Predicted By Family History, Study Suggests
• Methane-eating Microbes Can Use Iron And Manganese Oxides To 'Breathe'
• Oxygen Test Has Potential To Detect Some Critical Congenital Heart Defects In Newborns
• Enzyme Fights Mutated Protein In Inherited Parkinson's Disease
• Risk Of Breast Cancer And A Single-nucleotide Polymorphism
• Better Looks At Mars Minerals For Instrument On NASA's Mars Odyssey Orbiter
• Difference In The Way Children With Autism Learn New Behaviors Described
• Simulations Illuminate Universe's First Twin Stars
• New Discovery To Aid In Diagnosis And Treatment Of Kidney Disease
• Database On Tiny Plant Will Help Scientists Create Better Crops, Biofuels and Medicines
• Bone Coupling Factor Key To Skeletal Health
• One-stop Shop For Grid Computing
• No Psychological Risk In Children Next-Born After Stillbirth, Study Suggests
• 'Hotspots' Of Human Impact On Coastal Areas Ranked
• Genetic Key To Breast Cancer's Ability To Survive And Spread Identified
• Targeting Helpers Of Heat Shock Proteins Could Help Treat Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease
• MicroRNAs Help Control HIV Life Cycle
• NuTeV Anomaly Helps Shed Light On Physics Of The Nucleus
• Parents' Endorsement Of Vigorous Team Sports Increases Children's Physical Activity
• Evolution Guides Cooperative Turn-taking, Game Theory-based Computer Simulations Show
• Hitting Cell Hot Spot Could Help Thwart Parkinson's Disease
• 2000-year-old Statue Of An Athlete Sheds Light On Corrosion And Other Modern Challenges
• Give Children Iron Supplements: They Don't Increase Malaria Risk, Study Suggests
• Method To Efficiently Produce Less Toxic Drugs Using Organic Molecules
• Media Tend To Doomsay When Addressing Environmental Issues
• Antimatter Positrons Explain Gamma Ray Mystery In Milky Way Galaxy
• Plastics Chemical, Bisphenol A, Retards Growth, Function Of Adult Reproductive Cells
• First Evidence That Weed Killers Improve Nutritional Value Of A Key Food Crop
• Critical Link Between Obesity And Diabetes Discovered
• Photography: Blur's Noise And Distortion Reversed
• Do Bilingual Persons Have Distinct Language Areas In The Brain?

New Kind Of Astronomical Object Around Black Hole: Living Fossil Records 'Supermassive' Kick Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT The tight cluster of stars surrounding a supermassive black hole after it has been violently kicked out of a galaxy represents a new kind of astronomical object and a fossil record of the kick. A new article discusses the theoretical properties of "hypercompact stellar systems" and suggests that hundreds of these faint star clusters might be detected at optical wavelengths in our immediate cosmic environment.

Hearing Manipulated By Electronics Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT An implanted electronic ion pump in organic material can be used to carry signals to specific cells in the nervous system and in this way treat various illnesses. In a unique study, researchers have used the pumps to successfully manipulate the hearing in laboratory animals. The technique represents a breakthrough for the machine-to-brain interface, with opportunities for greater symbiosis between electronics and biological systems.

Ozone, Nitrogen Change The Way Rising Carbon Dioxide Affects Earth's Water Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Through a recent modeling experiment, researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways.

Dry Mouth Linked To Prescription And Over The Counter Drugs Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Approximately ninety-one percent of dentists say patients complaining about dry mouth are taking multiple medications, according to a nationwide survey.

Cellphone TV? Viewing Photos And Video On Cell Phone Made Easier With New Mini Beamer Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Looking at photos on a cellphone display can be somewhat arduous. A new mini beamer will make it easier. The beamer is so small that it can be integrated in a cellphone or a PDA. As it does not need an extra light source it also conserves the battery.

Scientific Achievements Less Prominent Than A Decade Ago Posted: 10 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT As the 40th anniversary of the moon landing approaches, a new report finds that overwhelming majorities of Americans believe that science has had a positive effect on society and that science has made life easier for most people. The public also rates scientists highly and believes government investments in science pay off in the long term.

Nanopillars Promise Cheap, Efficient, Flexible Solar Cells Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Researchers have grown dense arrays of single-crystal semiconductors arranged as nanoscale pillars on low-cost, aluminum foil substrates. When the nanopillars are combined with a transparent, positively charged semiconductor that serves as a window, the resulting 3-D photovoltaic promises efficient, cheap, flexible solar cells.

Attractive Males Release Fewer Sperm Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Attractive males release fewer sperm per mating to maximize their chances of producing offspring across a range of females, according to a new article on the evolution of ejaculation strategies. The findings suggest that, paradoxically, matings with attractive males may be less fertile than those with unattractive ones.

Straighten Up And Fly Right: Moths Benefit More From Flexible Wings Than Rigid Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT New research using high-speed digital imaging shows that, at least for some insects, wings that flex and deform, something like what happens to a heavy beach towel when you snap it to get rid of the sand, are the best for staying aloft.

Scientists Solve Mystery About Why HIV Patients Are More Susceptible To TB Infection Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Scientists took an important first-step toward the development of new treatments to help people with HIV battle Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. HIV interferes with the cellular and molecular mechanisms used by the lungs to fight TB infection.

Prairie Dogs: Influencing The Accumulation Of Metals In Plants? Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Elemental hyperaccumulation in plants is hypothesized to represent a plant defense mechanism. The objective of this study was to determine whether selenium hyperaccumulation offers plants long-term protection from the black-tailed prairie dog. This study is the first to test the ecological significance of hyperaccumulation over a long period in a hyperaccumulator's natural habitat.

Withdrawal Syndrome After Consumption Of Designer Drug 'Spice Gold' Posted: 10 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT A clinical report from Dresden supports the impression that the street drug "Spice Gold" is strongly addictive. Researchers describe a young man who developed physical withdrawal symptoms after regular consumption of this designer drug, accompanied by a dependence syndrome.

Reduced Diet Thwarts Aging, Disease In Monkeys Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT The bottom-line message from a decades-long study of monkeys on a restricted diet is simple: Consuming fewer calories leads to a longer, healthier life. Researchers report that a nutritious but reduced-calorie diet blunts aging and significantly delays the onset of such age-related disorders as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and brain atrophy.

Potential Fix For Damaged Knees Identified Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Investigators have shown that a biodegradable scaffold or plug can be used to treat patients with damaged knee cartilage. The study is unique in that it used serial magnetic resonance imaging and newer quantitative T2 mapping to examine how the plug incorporated itself into the knee.

Obsidian 'Trail' Provides Clues To How Humans Settled, Interacted In Kuril Islands Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Archaeologists have used stone tools to answer many questions about human ancestors in both the distant and near past and now they are analyzing the origin of obsidian flakes to better understand how people settled and interacted in the inhospitable Kuril Islands.

Single Thawed Embryo Transfer After PGD Does Not Affect Pregnancy Rates Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Transferring just one embryo at a time to a woman's womb after embryos have undergone preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and freezing at the blastocyst stage has become a real option after researchers achieved pregnancy rates that were as good as those for blastocysts that had not had a cell removed for PGD before freezing. Their results mean that it will be possible to reduce the number of multiple pregnancies after PGD and the consequent complications associated with these pregnancies.

Treating Lazy Eyes With A Joystick Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Researchers have developed a computer game therapy that is now ready for treating adults.

Severity Of Mental Disease Can Be Predicted By Family History, Study Suggests Posted: 10 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT We've all been asked at routine visits to the doctor to record our family's history with medical problems like cancer, diabetes or heart disease. But when it comes to mental disorders, usually mum's the word.

Methane-eating Microbes Can Use Iron And Manganese Oxides To 'Breathe' Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Iron and manganese compounds, in addition to sulfate, may play an important role in converting methane to carbon dioxide and eventually carbonates in the Earth's oceans, according researchers looking at anaerobic sediments. These same compounds may have been key to methane reduction in the early, oxygenless days of the planet's atmosphere.

Oxygen Test Has Potential To Detect Some Critical Congenital Heart Defects In Newborns Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Early detection of critical congenital heart disease is important for avoiding serious health consequences. A noninvasive measure of oxygen saturation in the blood is a reasonable way to detect congenital heart disease in newborns, but there is not yet enough data available to make the test mandatory. The associations call for more research on the topic.

Enzyme Fights Mutated Protein In Inherited Parkinson's Disease Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT An enzyme that naturally occurs in the brain helps destroy the mutated protein that is the most common cause of inherited Parkinson's disease, researchers have found.

Risk Of Breast Cancer And A Single-nucleotide Polymorphism Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A single-nucleotide polymorphism is associated with increased risk of estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer, according to a new study.

Better Looks At Mars Minerals For Instrument On NASA's Mars Odyssey Orbiter Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new orbit at an earlier time of day is increasing the sensitivity and efficiency of ASU's THEMIS multi-band camera on NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Difference In The Way Children With Autism Learn New Behaviors Described Posted: 10 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered important new insights into the neurological basis of autism.

Simulations Illuminate Universe's First Twin Stars Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT The earliest stars in the universe formed not only as individuals, but sometimes also as twins, according to a new article in Science. By creating simulations of the early universe, astrophysicists have gained the most detailed understanding to date of the formation of the first stars.

New Discovery To Aid In Diagnosis And Treatment Of Kidney Disease Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers have identified the target antigen PLA2R in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (kidney disease), which has implications for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Database On Tiny Plant Will Help Scientists Create Better Crops, Biofuels and Medicines Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT A tiny plant with a long name helps researchers design new crops to help meet increasing demands for food, biofuels, industrial materials, and new medicines. The genes, proteins, and other traits of this plant reside in the Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) database. TAIR just released a new version of the genome sequence, which includes an array of improvements and novel features that promise to accelerate this critical research.

Bone Coupling Factor Key To Skeletal Health Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Previously, scientists had searched for but missed the biological link between bone growth and bone remodeling -- a natural give-and-take system that is crucial to skeletal health. A new study pinpoints the coupling factor as transforming growth factor beta-1, or TGF beta-1.

One-stop Shop For Grid Computing Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT From searching for cures for disease to monitoring the Earth's atmosphere, grid computing has become essential to data-intensive research. But accessing limited grid resources is not always a simple task.

No Psychological Risk In Children Next-Born After Stillbirth, Study Suggests Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT There is no evidence that children next-born after stillbirth are clinically at risk compared to children of non-bereaved mothers, according to a new study. However, the study did find evidence of less optimal mother-child interaction.

'Hotspots' Of Human Impact On Coastal Areas Ranked Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Coastal marine ecosystems are at risk worldwide as a result of human activities, according to scientists. The authors have performed the first integrated analysis of all coastal areas of the world.

Genetic Key To Breast Cancer's Ability To Survive And Spread Identified Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT New research sheds light on a genetic function that gives breast cancer cells the ability to survive and spread to the bone years after treatment has been administered. The findings support the study of therapies that target this survival capacity and force the death of latent breast cancer cells before they get a chance to metastasize.

Targeting Helpers Of Heat Shock Proteins Could Help Treat Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Dissecting how heat shock protein 90 gets steroid receptors into shape to use hormones like estrogen and testosterone could lead to targeted therapies for hormone-driven cancers, such as breast and prostate, that need them as well, researchers say.

MicroRNAs Help Control HIV Life Cycle Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have discovered that specific microRNAs (non-coding RNAs that interfere with gene expression) reduce HIV replication and infectivity in human T-cells. In particular, miR29 plays a key role in controlling the HIV life cycle. The study suggests that HIV may have co-opted this cellular defense mechanism to help the virus hide from the immune system and antiviral drugs.

NuTeV Anomaly Helps Shed Light On Physics Of The Nucleus Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT A new calculation clarifies the complicated relationship between protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus and offers a fascinating resolution of the famous NuTeV Anomaly.

Parents' Endorsement Of Vigorous Team Sports Increases Children's Physical Activity Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Parents who value strenuous team sports are more likely to influence their children to join a team or at least participate in some kind of exercise, and spend less time in front of the TV or computer, a new study says.

Evolution Guides Cooperative Turn-taking, Game Theory-based Computer Simulations Show Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT It's not just good manners to wait your turn -- it's actually down to evolution, according to new research. What's more, this behavior can be simulated using a simple computer algorithm and basic genetic laws.

Hitting Cell Hot Spot Could Help Thwart Parkinson's Disease Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new way to 'turn off the taps' in the brain and stop a chemical being released in excess amounts -- which can lead to Parkinson's Disease -- has been developed.

2000-year-old Statue Of An Athlete Sheds Light On Corrosion And Other Modern Challenges Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT The restoration of a 2,000-year-old bronze sculpture of the famed ancient Greek athlete Apoxyomenos may help modern scientists understand how to prevent metal corrosion, discover the safest ways to permanently store nuclear waste, and understand other perplexing problems.

Give Children Iron Supplements: They Don't Increase Malaria Risk, Study Suggests Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Iron supplements do not increase the likelihood of contracting malaria and should not be withheld from children at risk of the disease, despite World Health Organization guidelines to the contrary, a new review suggests.

Method To Efficiently Produce Less Toxic Drugs Using Organic Molecules Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Chemists have developed a method to use small organic molecules as catalysts, in the synthesis process called organocatalysis. Such synthesis process takes place during the production of chiral drugs.

Media Tend To Doomsay When Addressing Environmental Issues Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers analyzed the role played by the media in creating and spreading a stance regarding the protection of the environment, sustainable development and natural heritage.

Antimatter Positrons Explain Gamma Ray Mystery In Milky Way Galaxy Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Astrophysicists have solved a mystery that led some scientists to speculate that the distribution of certain gamma rays in our Milky Way galaxy was evidence of a form of undetectable "dark matter" believed to make up much of the mass of the universe.

Plastics Chemical, Bisphenol A, Retards Growth, Function Of Adult Reproductive Cells Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Bisphenol A, a chemical widely used in plastics and known to cause reproductive problems in the offspring of pregnant mice exposed to it, also has been found to retard the growth of follicles of adult mice and hinder their production of steroid hormones, researchers report. Their study is the first to show that chronic exposure to low doses of BPA can impair the growth and function of adult reproductive cells.

First Evidence That Weed Killers Improve Nutritional Value Of A Key Food Crop Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists are reporting for the first time that the use of weed killers in farmers' fields boosts the nutritional value of an important food a crop. Application of two common herbicides to several varieties of sweet corn significantly increased the amount of key nutrients termed carotenoids in the corn kernels, according to a new study.

Critical Link Between Obesity And Diabetes Discovered Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT A new study has shown a critical link between obesity and the onset of Type 2 diabetes, a discovery which could lead to the design of a drug to prevent the disease.

Photography: Blur's Noise And Distortion Reversed Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Errant pixels and blurry regions in a photo, whether digital or scanned, are the bane of photographers everywhere. Moreover, in vision processing research degraded photos are common and require restoration to a high-quality un-degraded state.

Do Bilingual Persons Have Distinct Language Areas In The Brain? Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT A unique single case study suggests that first and second languages of bilingual people are represented in different places in the brain.

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