ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Easter Island Compound Extends Lifespan Of Old Mice: 28 To 38 Percent Longer Life
• Is Obesity An Oral Bacterial Disease?
• Better Than A Hearing Aid? Better Hearing With Bone Conducted Sound
• PET Can Measure Effectiveness Of Novel Breast Cancer Treatment
• Beyond Carbon Dioxide: Growing Importance Of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) In Climate Warming
• Language Skills In Your Twenties May Predict Risk Of Dementia Decades Later
• Giant Supernovae Farthest Ever Detected: Dying Stars Shed Light On Universe Formation 11 Billion Years Ago
• Inflammation May Trigger Alzheimer's Disease
• Ice Volume Of Switzerland’s Glaciers Calculated
• Toxic Chemicals Affect Steroid Hormones Differently In Humans And Invertebrates
• Ecological Model City Masdar: City Will Use Renewable Energy And Leave No Carbon Dioxide Or Waste
• Delirium In Hospitalized Adults: Situation Critical, No Relief Available
• Explosive Growth Of Life On Earth Fueled By Early Greening Of Planet
• Hearing Improved: First Successful Medical Treatment For Tumor-inducing Genetic Disorder
• Domestication Of Chile Pepper Provides Insights Into Crop Origin And Evolution
• New Treatment Avenue For Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
• How Mitochondria Get Their Membranes Bent
• Plain Language For Health Care Professionals To Improve Communication With Patients
• Spontaneous Assembly: A New Look At How Proteins Assemble And Organize Themselves Into Complex Patterns
• Possible Drug Target Found For One Of The Most Aggressive Breast Cancers
• Saharan Dust Storms Linked To Enigmatic Fertilizer Plankton In Ocean
• 3-D Protein Map To Aid Stroke And Cancer Research Drafted
• Some Particles Cool Climate, Others Add To Global Warming
• Health Clinic Conditions May Be To Blame For Decrease In Primary Care Physicians
• Physics Of Bumpy Roads: What Makes Roads Ripple Like A Washboard?
• Mice With Skin Condition Help Scientists Understand Tumor Growth
• World’s First-hydrogen Powered Yacht With A Fully Integrated Laboratory Will Study Mediterranean Pollution
• Expression of Myoglobin in Human Cancers
• Cells Use Import Machinery To Export Their Goods As Well
• Mothers Of Children With Autism Have Higher Parental Stress, Psychological Distress
• Erythropoietin Boosts Brainpower, Researchers Find
• Virus-resistant Grapevines
• Cancer Survivors At Greater Risk Of Birth Complications; Special Monitoring Needed
• Elephant-size Loopholes Sustain Thai Ivory Trade
• Student Drinking: Changing Perceptions Reduces Alcohol Misuse
• New Portrait Of Omega Nebula's Glistening Watercolors
• Study May Cough Up New Treatment For A Tickly Throat
• Making A Bigger Splash In The Gene Pool, And How Delaying Reproduction Can Help
• Biomarker That Safely Monitors Tumor Response To New Brain Cancer Treatment
• Painstaking Search For Quotes In Television Programs Comes To An End
• Muscle Rubs: Use For Pain Is Questionable, Review Finds
• Finding Fear: Neuroscientists Locate Where It Is Stored In The Brain
• Human Sperm Created From Embryonic Stem Cells
• Genetically Engineered Mice Yield Clues To 'Knocking Out' Cancer
• Metabolic Factors May Play A Role In Risk For Breast Cancer
• Immobilized Microbes Can Break Down Potentially Harmful Phthalates
• Debate Over Repressed Memories

Easter Island Compound Extends Lifespan Of Old Mice: 28 To 38 Percent Longer Life Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Researchers report that rapamycin, a compound first discovered in soil of Easter Island, extended the expected lifespan of middle-aged mice by 28 percent to 38 percent. In human terms, this would be greater than the predicted increase in extra years of life if cancer and heart disease were both cured and prevented.

Is Obesity An Oral Bacterial Disease? Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have discovered new links between certain oral bacteria and obesity. In a recent study, the researchers demonstrated that the salivary bacterial composition of overweight women differs from non-overweight women. This preliminary work may provide clues to interactions between oral bacteria and the pathology of obesity. This research may help investigators learn new avenues for fighting the obesity epidemic.

Better Than A Hearing Aid? Better Hearing With Bone Conducted Sound Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT New technology to hear vibrations through the skull bone has been developed. Besides investigating the function of a new implantable bone conduction hearing aid, researchers have studied the sensitivity for bone conducted sound and also examined the possibilities for a two-way communication system that is utilizing bone conduction in noisy environments.

PET Can Measure Effectiveness Of Novel Breast Cancer Treatment Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Positron emission tomography scans in mice can be used to determine whether a novel type of breast cancer treatment is working as intended, study shows.

Beyond Carbon Dioxide: Growing Importance Of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) In Climate Warming Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Some of the substances that are helping to avert the destruction of the ozone layer could increasingly contribute to climate warming, according to scientists.

Language Skills In Your Twenties May Predict Risk Of Dementia Decades Later Posted: 09 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT People who have superior language skills early in life may be less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease decades later, despite having the hallmark signs of the disease, according to new research.

Giant Supernovae Farthest Ever Detected: Dying Stars Shed Light On Universe Formation 11 Billion Years Ago Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT UC Irvine cosmologists have found two supernovae farther away than any previously detected by using a new technique that could help find other dying stars at the edge of the universe.

Inflammation May Trigger Alzheimer's Disease Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT New research sheds light on what causes Alzheimer's disease and suggests a possible therapy.

Ice Volume Of Switzerland’s Glaciers Calculated Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Switzerland's glaciers have lost twelve percent of their ice volume since 1999. The water stored in Switzerland's glaciers currently equates to about two thirds of the volume of Lake Geneva.

Toxic Chemicals Affect Steroid Hormones Differently In Humans And Invertebrates Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT In a study with important consequences for studies on the effects of chemicals on steroid responses in humans, scientists have found that -- contrary to earlier assumptions -- enzymes used for the synthesis of steroids in insects, snails, octopuses and corals are unrelated to those used in humans.

Ecological Model City Masdar: City Will Use Renewable Energy And Leave No Carbon Dioxide Or Waste Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT The city of the future is currently being constructed on the outskirts of Abu Dhabi. Masdar City shall be supplied exclusively with renewable energy and produce neither carbon dioxide nor waste. An underground transportation system, will leave its streets car-free.

Delirium In Hospitalized Adults: Situation Critical, No Relief Available Posted: 09 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT In a systematic review of the scientific literature on delirium prevention and treatment, investigators found that despite the significant health and financial burdens of delirium for hospitalized adults, no effective way to prevent or treat the condition has been identified.

Explosive Growth Of Life On Earth Fueled By Early Greening Of Planet Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Earth's 4.5-billion-year history is filled with several turning points but one of the biggest is the Cambrian explosion of life, roughly 540 million years ago, when complex, multi-cellular life burst out all over the planet. Now, researchers believe they have found the trigger for the Cambrian explosion.

Hearing Improved: First Successful Medical Treatment For Tumor-inducing Genetic Disorder Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab improved hearing and alleviated other symptoms in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).

Domestication Of Chile Pepper Provides Insights Into Crop Origin And Evolution Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Chile peppers have long played an important role in the diets of Mesoamerican people. Capsicum annuum is one of five domesticated species of chiles and is one of the primary components of these diets. However, little is known regarding the original location of domestication of C. annuum and the genetic diversity in wild relatives. Researchers have now found a large amount of diversity in individuals from the Yucatan Peninsula, making this a center of diversity for chiles.

New Treatment Avenue For Acute Myeloid Leukemia? Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Medical researchers have developed the first leukemia therapy that targets a protein, CD123, on the surface of cancer stem cells that drive acute myeloid leukemia, which is an aggressive disease with a poor outcome.

How Mitochondria Get Their Membranes Bent Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Underneath their smooth surface mitochondria harbor an elaborately folded inner membrane. It holds a multitude of bottleneck like invaginations, which expand into elongated cavities. Now researchers have identified two proteins linked in an antagonistic manner that are relevant for governing inner membrane structure.

Plain Language For Health Care Professionals To Improve Communication With Patients Posted: 09 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT The doctor speaks "medicalese," and the patient's eyes glaze over. Researchers noticed this familiar failure to communicate when health care researchers asked people to take part in studies. So they created a Toolkit that illustrates strategies for communicating clearly with study participants.

Spontaneous Assembly: A New Look At How Proteins Assemble And Organize Themselves Into Complex Patterns Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Self-assembling and self-organizing systems are the Holy Grails of nanotechnology, but nature has been producing such systems for millions of years. A team of scientists has taken a unique look at how thousands of bacterial membrane proteins are able to assemble into clusters that direct cell movement to select chemicals in their environment. Their results provide valuable insight into how complex periodic patterns in biological systems can be generated and repaired.

Possible Drug Target Found For One Of The Most Aggressive Breast Cancers Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Investigators have identified a gene that could be an important therapeutic target in the treatment of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer. Currently, patients with these cancers have few treatment options.

Saharan Dust Storms Linked To Enigmatic Fertilizer Plankton In Ocean Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Scientists have returned after six weeks on the Cape Verde Islands, 800 kilometers off the West African coast. They collected air and water samples in the search for a link between Saharan dust storms and the biological productivity of the ocean. The results were intriguing: the waters off Cape Verde contain huge amounts of the recently discovered cyanobacteria "UCYN-A", an enigmatic fertilizer alga whose characteristics are puzzling to scientists.

3-D Protein Map To Aid Stroke And Cancer Research Drafted Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have generated a computer map of the protein acid-sensing ion channel-1, or ASIC-1, an important neurological pathway. The map greatly simplifies the testing of drugs or compounds designed to protect neurons, regulate their molecular interactions or isolate brain tumors. The ASIC-1 work began with a toxin found only in the venom of the Trinidad chevron tarantula.

Some Particles Cool Climate, Others Add To Global Warming Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Particles cool down the climate, but to which extent? This has remained an unanswered question for scientists. A new study brings the scientific community a step closer to solving the mystery.

Health Clinic Conditions May Be To Blame For Decrease In Primary Care Physicians Posted: 09 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Adverse work conditions may be to blame for the decline in the number of primary care physicians nationwide, according to a new study.

Physics Of Bumpy Roads: What Makes Roads Ripple Like A Washboard? Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Just about any road with a loose surface -- sand or gravel or snow -- develops ripples that make driving a very shaky experience. Physicists have recreated this "washboard" phenomenon in the lab with surprising results: ripples appear even when the springy suspension of the car and the rolling shape of the wheel are eliminated. The discovery may smooth the way to designing improved suspension systems that eliminate the bumpy ride.

Mice With Skin Condition Help Scientists Understand Tumor Growth Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Cancerous tumors sometimes form at the site of chronic wounds or injury, but the reason why is not entirely clear. Now researchers have engineered mice with a persistent wound-like skin condition, and the mice are helping them understand the tumor-promoting effects of long-standing wounds and injuries.

World’s First-hydrogen Powered Yacht With A Fully Integrated Laboratory Will Study Mediterranean Pollution Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT The objective of the Zero CO2 project is to sail around the Mediterranean using a clean carbon-free auxiliary motor (gasoline powered motors are commonly used in yachts for all port maneuvers). A 12m craft, the yacht will be equipped with an electric motor driven by a hydrogen fuel cell.

Expression of Myoglobin in Human Cancers Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Scientists report that myoglobin may protect against the stresses of tumor growth. Myoglobin plays an important role in muscle cells by both transporting oxygen and preventing cell damage by scavenging free radicals. Tumor cells often survive in hypoxic (low oxygen), high free radical environments, despite these stresses on tumor growth.

Cells Use Import Machinery To Export Their Goods As Well Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Research suggests a new level of regulation for cellular export process by molecules previously assumed to be dedicated to import activities.

Mothers Of Children With Autism Have Higher Parental Stress, Psychological Distress Posted: 08 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Mothers of children with autism had higher levels of parenting-related stress and psychological distress than mothers of children with developmental delay. Children's problem behavior was associated with increases in both parenting-related stress and distress in both groups, but this relationship was stronger in mothers of children with autism. The research also found no link between a child's decreased daily living skills and increased parental stress and psychological distress.

Erythropoietin Boosts Brainpower, Researchers Find Posted: 08 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Healthy young mice treated with erythropoietin show lasting improved performance in learning and other higher brain functions. Researchers tested the cognitive effects of the growth factor, finding that it improved the sequential learning and memory components of a complex long-term cognitive task.

Virus-resistant Grapevines Posted: 08 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Viruses can cost winegrowers an entire harvest. If they infest the grapevines, even pesticides are often no use. What's more, these chemicals are harmful to the environment. Researchers are growing plants that produce antibodies against the viruses and are thus immune.

Cancer Survivors At Greater Risk Of Birth Complications; Special Monitoring Needed Posted: 08 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Survivors of childhood cancer run particular risks when pregnant and should be closely monitored, say researchers. Although such women may have conceived spontaneously and considered themselves to be perfectly healthy, their deliveries should always take place in a hospital, experts urge.

Elephant-size Loopholes Sustain Thai Ivory Trade Posted: 08 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Legal loopholes and insufficient law enforcement mean that Thailand continues to harbor the largest illegal ivory market in Asia, says a new report.

Student Drinking: Changing Perceptions Reduces Alcohol Misuse Posted: 08 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Giving students personalized feedback on their drinking behavior and how it compares to social norms might help to reduce alcohol misuse, according to a new eview.

New Portrait Of Omega Nebula's Glistening Watercolors Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT The Omega Nebula, a stellar nursery where infant stars illuminate and sculpt a vast pastel fantasy of dust and gas, is revealed in all its glory.

Study May Cough Up New Treatment For A Tickly Throat Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Scientists investigating the cough reflex have discovered a new group of molecules on the surface of nerve cells that make us cough when irritated.

Making A Bigger Splash In The Gene Pool, And How Delaying Reproduction Can Help Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT We humans have a strong urge to reproduce, but if the environment steers us into putting off having children, we may be rewarded with both longer life and a bigger genetic footprint in future generations.

Biomarker That Safely Monitors Tumor Response To New Brain Cancer Treatment Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT A specific biomarker, a protein released by dying tumor cells, has been identified as an effective tool in an animal model to gauge the response to a novel gene therapy treatment for glioblastoma mulitforme.

Painstaking Search For Quotes In Television Programs Comes To An End Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT The journalist recalls more or less what Ulla Schmidt said regarding the health reform, but needs the exact wording to be able to cite her. A new speech recognition system helps to search TV broadcasts. It does not need to be updated and so does not entail any running costs.

Muscle Rubs: Use For Pain Is Questionable, Review Finds Posted: 08 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT There is not enough evidence to support using gels and creams containing rubefacients for chronic and acute pain, according to a systematic review. Rubefacients cause irritation and reddening of the skin, due to increased blood flow. The review focused on formulations containing salicylates, which are widely prescribed or sold over the counter as topical treatments for sports injuries and muscle pain.

Finding Fear: Neuroscientists Locate Where It Is Stored In The Brain Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Neuroscientists using an imaging technique that enabled them to trace the process of neural activation in the brain have pinpointed the neurons where fear conditioning is encoded.

Human Sperm Created From Embryonic Stem Cells Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have created human sperm from embryonic stem cells. The embryonic stem cells were cultured in a new medium containing vitamin A derivative (retinoic acid), using a new technique.

Genetically Engineered Mice Yield Clues To 'Knocking Out' Cancer Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have demonstrated that deleting two genes in mice responsible for repairing DNA strands damaged by oxidation leads to several types of tumors, providing additional evidence that such stress contributes to the development of cancer. The work may lead to the development of new measurement methods and reference materials for accurate and reproducible assessments of DNA damage and repair.

Metabolic Factors May Play A Role In Risk For Breast Cancer Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Physiological changes associated with the metabolic syndrome may play a role in the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, according to a new study.

Immobilized Microbes Can Break Down Potentially Harmful Phthalates Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Immobilized microbes can break down potentially harmful phthalates, according to researchers writing in the International Journal of Environment and Pollution. The microbes might be used to treat industrial waste water and so prevent these materials from entering the environment.

Debate Over Repressed Memories Posted: 08 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Two years after two Harvard psychiatrists published a controversial paper on repressed memory, a Brown University political scientist is engaged in an academic dispute over that paper's integrity and its implications. At issue is how to prove whether the memories of trauma, such as childhood sexual abuse, can be repressed and then resurface later in life.

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