ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• By Manipulating Oxygen, Scientists Coax Bacteria Into Never-Before-Seen Solitary Wave
• Set Of Genes Contributes To Stress; Possible Drug-Taking Behavior Discovered
• Hydrogen Technology Steams Ahead
• Cystic Fibrosis Treatments May Have Unseen Long-term Benefits
• Solar Power: New SunCatcher Power System Ready For Commercial Production In 2010
• Mathematical Model Shows Why Defeating Insurgent Groups Like Taliban Is So Difficult
• Evolutionary Event Underlying Origin Of Dachshunds, Dogs With Short Legs, Discovered
• Baking Soda: For Cooking, Cleaning, And Kidney Health?
• Arctic Climate Under Greenhouse Conditions In The Late Cretaceous
• Successful New Treatment For Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Reduces Long-term Risks
• Advanced Mathematics In Mother-child Relationships And Climate Change
• Our Metallic Reflection: Considering Future Human-android Interactions
• Male Sex Chromosome Losing Genes By Rapid Evolution, Study Reveals
• Novel Drug Discovery Tool Could Identify Promising New Therapies For Parkinson's Disease
• Handle With Care: Telomeres Resemble DNA Fragile Sites
• Dynamic Molecular Mechanism To Keep Brain Activity Stable
• 105-day Mars Simulation Full of Experiments and Realistic Mission Scenarios
• Active Video Games A Good Alternative To Moderate Exercise For Kids, Study Suggests
• Ancient Microorganisms Helped Build 3.4-billion-year-old Stromatolite Rock Structures
• Study Using Structural MRI May Help Accurately Diagnose Dementia Patients
• Superconductivity: Which One Of These Is Not Like The Other?
• Previous Exercise Helps Stroke Patients Recover Faster, Researchers Find
• Fluorescent Probes May Permit Monitoring Of Chemotherapy Effectiveness
• Study Finds Links Between Obesity And Adolescents' Social Networks
• Eagle Nebula: An Eagle Of Cosmic Proportions
• How Staph Infections Alter Immune System
• New Method To Encapsulate Substances In Nanospheres
• Mixed Results From Trials Of DHA In Alzheimer's Disease And Age-related Cognitive Decline
• Arctic Sea Ice Images Derived From Classified Data Should Be Made Public, According To A New Report
• Children Of Undocumented Parents Of Mexican Origin May Be At Higher Developmental Risk
• Classifying 'Clicks' In African Languages To Clear Up 100-year-old Mystery
• Flu Mortality Formula Is Potentially Misleading, Say Scientists
• Hormone Clue To Root Growth
• Radiation Dose, Cancer Risk From Coronary Artery Calcium Screening Estimated
• Wood Stoves -- A Viable Home Heat Source?
• Who Am I? Adolescents' Replies Depend On Others
• Blind Can Take Wheel With Newly Designed Vehicle
• Asperger Syndrome, Autism, And Empathy: Study Links 27 Genes
• Could Cannon Balls From The Early 19th Century Sink Warships?
• Why African-Americans Are At Greater Risk Of Hypertension And Kidney Disease
• Optical Chip Detects Blood Molecules
• Alzheimer's Risk: Would You Want To Know?
• DNA Not The Same In Every Cell Of Body: Major Genetic Differences Between Blood And Tissue Cells Revealed
• Broken Bones Heal Faster With Drugs
• Fighting Drug-resistant Flu Viruses
• Higher Education Level, Greater Disability Associated With Treatment Timing In Parkinson's Disease
• Linking Quantum Physics With Classical Physics: Basis Of Einstein's First Approximation In The Theory Of Relativity Investigated
• Childhood Adversity May Affect Processing In The Brain's Reward Pathways

By Manipulating Oxygen, Scientists Coax Bacteria Into Never-Before-Seen Solitary Wave Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Bacteria know that they are too small to make an impact individually. So they wait, they multiply, and then they engage in behaviors that are only successful when all cells participate in unison. There are hundreds of behaviors that bacteria carry out in such communities. Now researchers have discovered one that has never been observed or described before in a living system.

Set Of Genes Contributes To Stress; Possible Drug-Taking Behavior Discovered Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT A researcher has found a set of genes that modulates stress responses that could cause some people to take drugs, specifically alcohol consumption.

Hydrogen Technology Steams Ahead Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Could the cars and laptops of the future be fueled by old chip fat? A group of engineers believe so, and are developing an energy efficient, environmentally-friendly hydrogen production system. The system enables hydrogen to be extracted from waste materials, such as vegetable oil and the glycerol by-product of bio-diesel. The aim is to create the high purity hydrogen-based fuel necessary not only for large-scale power production, but also for smaller portable fuel cells.

Cystic Fibrosis Treatments May Have Unseen Long-term Benefits Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Cystic fibrosis medicines that help to break down mucus in the lungs may carry an unexpected long-term benefit, a study suggests. The treatments not only help breathing in the short term -- they may also make lung infections develop to be less harmful in the long run, research shows.

Solar Power: New SunCatcher Power System Ready For Commercial Production In 2010 Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Four newly designed highly efficient solar power collection dishes will be used in commercial-scale deployments beginning in 2010.

Mathematical Model Shows Why Defeating Insurgent Groups Like Taliban Is So Difficult Posted: 17 Jul 2009 11:00 AM PDT Insurgent groups like the Taliban can only be effectively engaged with timely and accurate military intelligence, and even good intelligence may only succeed in containing the insurgency, not defeating it, according to a new study.

Evolutionary Event Underlying Origin Of Dachshunds, Dogs With Short Legs, Discovered Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT A single evolutionary event appears to explain the short, curved legs that characterize all of today's dachshunds, corgis, basset hounds and at least 16 other breeds of dogs, researchers report. In addition to what it reveals about short-legged dogs, the unexpected discovery provides new clues about how physical differences may arise within species and suggests new approaches to understanding a form of human dwarfism.

Baking Soda: For Cooking, Cleaning, And Kidney Health? Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT A daily dose of sodium bicarbonate -- baking soda, already used for baking, cleaning, acid indigestion, sunburn and more -- slows the decline of kidney function in some patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, reports an upcoming study.

Arctic Climate Under Greenhouse Conditions In The Late Cretaceous Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT New evidence for ice-free summers with intermittent winter sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the Late Cretaceous -- a period of greenhouse conditions -- gives a glimpse of how the Arctic is likely to respond to future global warming.

Successful New Treatment For Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Reduces Long-term Risks Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT A new chemotherapy regimen for pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma patients has been identified. The new treatment enhances efficacy through dose-dense drug delivery while simultaneously reducing the long-term risks presented by high cumulative dose chemotherapy.

Advanced Mathematics In Mother-child Relationships And Climate Change Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT The hearts of pregnant women and their unborn children sometimes beat in synchrony. This interaction is significantly influenced by the mother's breathing, researchers report. The mathematical approach to identify the synchronisation epochs could be applied to detect complications early in pregnancy. It could equally be used for the analysis of complex patterns in the climate system.

Our Metallic Reflection: Considering Future Human-android Interactions Posted: 17 Jul 2009 08:00 AM PDT Everyday human interaction is not what you would call perfect, so what if there was a third party added to the mix -- like a metallic version of us? In a new article, a psychologist and computer scientist investigate what human-android interactions may be like 50 years into the future.

Male Sex Chromosome Losing Genes By Rapid Evolution, Study Reveals Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Scientists long have suspected that the sex chromosome that only males carry, the Y chromosome, is deteriorating. But until now, no one has understood the evolutionary processes that control this chromosome's demise. Now, scientists have discovered that the Y chromosome is evolving at a rapid rate, resulting in a dramatic loss of genes that eventually could lead to the chromosome's complete disappearance.

Novel Drug Discovery Tool Could Identify Promising New Therapies For Parkinson's Disease Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Researchers have turned simple baker's yeast into a virtual army of medicinal chemists capable of rapidly searching for drugs to treat Parkinson's disease.

Handle With Care: Telomeres Resemble DNA Fragile Sites Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Although telomeres are fragile, they don't have to be handled with care. Researchers now show that what keeps our fragile telomeres from falling apart is a protein known as TRF1 that ensures the smooth progression of DNA replication to the end of a chromosome. The work not only shows how telomeres help chromosomes protect their vulnerable ends but also reveals how the genome is made more stable by them.

Dynamic Molecular Mechanism To Keep Brain Activity Stable Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT In the brain, many types of synaptic proteins are spatio-temporally regulated to maintain synaptic activity at a constant level. Here, scientists found that two types of palmitoylating enzymes finely-tune the location and function of a major synaptic protein, PSD-95, in different ways. They also found that this mechanism contributes to keeping synaptic activity stable when synaptic activity dynamically changes.

105-day Mars Simulation Full of Experiments and Realistic Mission Scenarios Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT For 105 days, a six-man crew called an isolation chamber in Moscow, their home. The crew simulated a Mars mission full of experiments and realistic mission scenarios. US participation consisted of three research teams with experiments evaluating solutions to conditions that impact work performance: lighting interventions to counter shift-work sleep loss, tests measuring the impact of stress and fatigue on performance, and assessing interactions between crew members and mission control.

Active Video Games A Good Alternative To Moderate Exercise For Kids, Study Suggests Posted: 17 Jul 2009 05:00 AM PDT Scientists have found that playing active video games can be as effective for children as moderate exercise.

Ancient Microorganisms Helped Build 3.4-billion-year-old Stromatolite Rock Structures Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Stromatolites are dome- or column-like sedimentary rock structures that are formed in shallow water, layer by layer, over long periods of geologic time. Now, researchers have provided evidence that some of the most ancient stromatolites on our planet were built with the help of communities of equally ancient microorganisms.

Study Using Structural MRI May Help Accurately Diagnose Dementia Patients Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new study may help physicians differentially diagnose three common neurodegenerative disorders in the future.

Superconductivity: Which One Of These Is Not Like The Other? Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Superconductivity appears to rely on very different mechanisms in two varieties of iron-based superconductors.

Previous Exercise Helps Stroke Patients Recover Faster, Researchers Find Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT A person who has exercised regularly prior to the onset of a stroke appears to recover more quickly, say researchers in a new study.

Fluorescent Probes May Permit Monitoring Of Chemotherapy Effectiveness Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Going out like a brilliant flame is one way to get attention. If physicians could watch tumor cells committing a form of programmed suicide called apoptosis, a desired effect of workhorse cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, they could more quickly pick the most effective treatment. Now scientists have found a way to do just that, by lighting up cells as they die.

Study Finds Links Between Obesity And Adolescents' Social Networks Posted: 17 Jul 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers in California have found that overweight youth were twice as likely to have overweight friends.

Eagle Nebula: An Eagle Of Cosmic Proportions Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT A new and stunning image of the sky around the Eagle Nebula, a stellar nursery where infant star clusters carve out monster columns of dust and gas has been released.

How Staph Infections Alter Immune System Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Infectious disease specialists have mapped the gene profiles of children with severe Staphylococcus aureus infections, providing crucial insight into how the human immune system is programmed to respond to this pathogen and opening new doors for improved therapeutic interventions.

New Method To Encapsulate Substances In Nanospheres Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Scientists have developed and patented a method which obtains minute organometallic capsules ranging from micrometric to nanometric sizes. These will encapsulate substances in nanospheres containing intrinsic metal properties, such as magnetism, fluorescence or conductivity, which could be useful when applied to radiodiagnostics, electronics or sensors.

Mixed Results From Trials Of DHA In Alzheimer's Disease And Age-related Cognitive Decline Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Results from two large studies using DHA, an omega 3 fatty acid show no evidence for benefit in the studied population. The Martek trial showed a positive result on one test of memory and learning, but that study was in healthy older adults, not people with Alzheimer's or another dementia. Mixed results emphasize the need for earlier detection and intervention.

Arctic Sea Ice Images Derived From Classified Data Should Be Made Public, According To A New Report Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT Hundreds of images derived from classified data that could be used to better understand rapid loss and transformation of Arctic sea ice should be immediately released and disseminated to the scientific research community, says a new report.

Children Of Undocumented Parents Of Mexican Origin May Be At Higher Developmental Risk Posted: 16 Jul 2009 11:00 PM PDT A new study examines parent's concerns about development, learning and behavior for young children of Mexican origin, and identifies whether these concerns differed by the families' citizenship or documentation status.

Classifying 'Clicks' In African Languages To Clear Up 100-year-old Mystery Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT A new way to classify sounds in some human languages may solve a problem that has plagued linguists for nearly 100 years -- how to accurately describe click sounds distinct to certain African languages.

Flu Mortality Formula Is Potentially Misleading, Say Scientists Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT A standard calculation used in forecasting potential numbers of deaths during the swine flu pandemic risks misleading health-care planners by being open to both over- and under-estimation of the true figures, according to experts.

Hormone Clue To Root Growth Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Plant roots provide the crops we eat with water, nutrients and anchorage. Understanding how roots grow and how hormones control that growth is crucial to improving crop yields, necessary to address food security and produce better biofuels. Scientists have now shed light on how a plant hormone is crucial in controlling the growth of plant roots.

Radiation Dose, Cancer Risk From Coronary Artery Calcium Screening Estimated Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT A study based on computer modeling of radiation risk suggests that widespread screening for the buildup of calcium in the arteries using computed tomography scans would lead to an estimated 42 additional radiation-induced cancer cases per 100,000 men and 62 cases per 100,000 women, according to a new report.

Wood Stoves -- A Viable Home Heat Source? Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT In Canada and the United States, wood burning stoves have been reevaluated as a potentially viable option for home heating. The environmental sustainability of wood stove use is dependent upon the consumption of wood from sustainably managed woodlots, as the carbon released is reused as the next generation of trees grows.

Who Am I? Adolescents' Replies Depend On Others Posted: 16 Jul 2009 08:00 PM PDT Ask middle-school students if they are popular or make friends easily, they likely will depend on social comparisons with their peers for an answer. Such reliance on the perceived opinions of others, or reflected self-appraisals, has long been assumed, but new evidence supporting this claim has now been found in the teen brain.

Blind Can Take Wheel With Newly Designed Vehicle Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT A retrofitted four-wheel dirt buggy uses laser range finders, an instant voice command interface and a host of other innovative, cutting-edge technology to guide blind drivers as they steer, brake and accelerate.

Asperger Syndrome, Autism, And Empathy: Study Links 27 Genes Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Scientists have identified 27 genes that are associated with a number of traits, including Asperger syndrome, autism, and empathy.

Could Cannon Balls From The Early 19th Century Sink Warships? Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new experiment has solved the riddle that has been puzzling researchers ever since they first observed the thick wooden sides of the sunken ship opposite the shore of Acre: could cannon fire have penetrated the hull?

Why African-Americans Are At Greater Risk Of Hypertension And Kidney Disease Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Physician-scientists believe that a heightened level a certain growth factor in the blood may explain why blacks have a greater prevalence of hypertension and kidney disease compared to whites. Results from a new study are the first to show that an elevated level of a protein, called transforming growth factor B1, raises the risk of hypertension and renal disease in humans.

Optical Chip Detects Blood Molecules Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT A portable 'lab on a chip' that can identify target molecules in blood samples has been created. It is being used to measure fertility hormones and detect the genes associated with certain types of cancer. Much of modern medicine relies on the testing of blood and other samples for key molecules that confirm the presence of a specific disease or other disorder. Samples need to be sent to a laboratory and it may be several days before the result comes back. Wouldn't it be better if the result were available within a few minutes of the sample being taken, while the patient is still there with the doctor?

Alzheimer's Risk: Would You Want To Know? Posted: 16 Jul 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers have shown that disclosing genetic risk information to adult children of patients with Alzheimer's disease who request this information does not result in significant short-term psychological distress.

DNA Not The Same In Every Cell Of Body: Major Genetic Differences Between Blood And Tissue Cells Revealed Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT New research calls into question one of the most basic assumptions of human genetics: that when it comes to DNA, every cell in the body is essentially identical to every other cell. This discovery may undercut the rationale behind numerous large-scale genetic studies conducted over the last 15 years.

Broken Bones Heal Faster With Drugs Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Bone fractures might heal faster if the patient is injected with medications. This is the outcome of a unique study of 102 women with wrist fractures. This is the first study that shows that fracture healing in humans can be accelerated with medication.

Fighting Drug-resistant Flu Viruses Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Amid reports that swine flu viruses are developing the ability to shrug off existing antiviral drugs, scientists are reporting a first-of-its kind discovery that could foster a new genre of antivirals that sidestep resistance problems.

Higher Education Level, Greater Disability Associated With Treatment Timing In Parkinson's Disease Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Individuals who have higher levels of education and who are more impaired by Parkinson's disease appear to require treatment for their symptoms earlier than do other patients.

Linking Quantum Physics With Classical Physics: Basis Of Einstein's First Approximation In The Theory Of Relativity Investigated Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT In his discussion of accelerated motion on page 60 of "The Meaning of Relativity," Albert Einstein made an approximation that allowed him to develop the theory of relativity further. Einstein apparently never had the opportunity to check his original approximation. Now, a physicist has uncovered some clues about the basis of Einstein's theories and presented a more general approximation, which may better link quantum physics with classical physics.

Childhood Adversity May Affect Processing In The Brain's Reward Pathways Posted: 16 Jul 2009 02:00 PM PDT Childhood adversity is associated diminished activation in the regions the brain that anticipate reward, according to a new study. Using fMRI, researchers examined the brain activity of individuals who had experienced childhood abuse that met state guidelines for maltreatment, and found weaker responses to reward-predicting cues in left hemisphere regions of the basal ganglia.

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