Monday, April 11, 2011

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News


NASA's Jupiter-bound spacecraft arrives in Florida

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 06:19 PM PDT

NASA's Juno spacecraft has arrived in Florida to begin final preparations for a launch this summer. The spacecraft was shipped from Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, to the Astrotech payload processing facility in Titusville, Fla., on April 8, 2011. The solar-powered Juno spacecraft will orbit Jupiter's poles 33 times to find out more about the gas giant's origins, structure, atmosphere and magnetosphere.

Experimental drug achieves unprecedented weight loss, clinical trial finds

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 04:47 PM PDT

An investigational combination of drugs already approved to treat obesity, migraine and epilepsy produced up to a 10 percent weight loss in obese individuals participating in a one-year clinical trial, according to researchers.

Drinking during pregnancy increases risk of premature birth, study finds

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 04:47 PM PDT

Drinking alcohol during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, premature birth, and low birth weight. But there are conflicting reports about how much alcohol, if any, it is safe for a pregnant woman to drink. New research looked at the amounts of alcohol women drank during their early pregnancy and showed the effect this had on their babies.

Ozone reduces fungal spoilage of fruits and vegetables

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 04:47 PM PDT

Storing fruits and vegetables in ozone-enriched environments reduces spoilage. Scientists explain how ozone treatment could be a safe, effective replacement for pesticides as it leaves no residue on foods.

Flu helps spread pneumonia

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 04:47 PM PDT

Bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis are only able to spread when individuals are infected with flu, according to an expert. The work could have implications for the management of influenza pandemics and could help reduce incidence of pneumococcal infections in very young children, who are more susceptible to disease.

Increased life expectancy discourages religious participation, research finds

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 04:47 PM PDT

Churches will continue to attract older congregations as increasing life expectancy encourages people to put off involvement in religion, according to new research.

Big picture of how interferon-induced genes launch antiviral defenses revealed

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

For the first time, scientists have carried out a comprehensive, systematic evaluation of the antiviral activity of interferon-induced factors. The findings are a first step toward unraveling how these naturally occurring molecules work to inhibit viruses.

West Antarctic warming triggered by warmer sea surface in tropical Pacific

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

New research shows that rising sea surface temperatures in the central Pacific Ocean drive atmospheric circulation that has caused some of the largest shifts in Antarctic climate in recent decades.

New genetic study helps solve Darwin's mystery about ancient evolution of flowering plants

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

The evolution and diversification of the more than 300,000 living species of flowering plants may have been "jump started" much earlier than previously calculated, according to a new study. The study provides a wealth of new genetic data and is expected to change the way biologists view the family trees of plants in general and flowering plants in particular.

New DNA role in modifying gene function: Findings suggest new approach could create highly targeted therapeutics

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

For years, scientists have thought of DNA as a passive blueprint capable only of producing specific proteins through RNA transcription. Now, researchers have shown DNA can also act to fine-tune the activity of certain proteins known as nuclear receptors.

Accelerated lab evolution of biomolecules could yield new generation of medicines

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

Scientists have harnessed the prowess of fast-replicating bacterial viruses, also known as phages, to accelerate the evolution of biomolecules in the laboratory. The work could ultimately allow the tailoring of custom pharmaceuticals and research tools from lab-grown proteins, nucleic acids, and other such compounds.

Mapping the brain: New technique poised to untangle the complexity of the brain

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:13 PM PDT

Scientists have moved a step closer to being able to develop a computer model of the brain after developing a technique to map both the connections and functions of nerve cells in the brain together for the first time.

Volcanoes reveal the cooling of Mars

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 03:11 PM PDT

The mantle of Mars is possibly cooling by 30-40°C every billion years. Based on satellite observations of the composition of the planet's volcanic rocks, researchers have reached this conclusion after reconstructing for the first time the thermal evolution of the planet over the past 4 billion years. These values indicate that cooling is slower than on Earth (70-100°C per billion years) and highlight the specific nature of our planet, where thermal evolution is affected by plate tectonics.

The health halo effect: Don't judge a food by its organic label

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 10:08 AM PDT

Some organic foods shown to be surrounded by a "health halo" that is not based on science. Psychologists have long recognized that how we perceive a particular trait of a person can be influenced by how we perceive other traits of the same individual. An example of this would be judging an attractive person as intelligent, just because he or she is good-looking. A growing literature suggests that the halo effect may also apply to foods, and ultimately influence what and how much we eat.

Green tea and tai chi enhance bone health and reduce inflammation in postmenopausal women

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 10:08 AM PDT

There is a favorable effect of modest green tea consumption on bone remodeling in this pre-osteoporotic population.

Blueberries may inhibit development of fat cells

Posted: 10 Apr 2011 10:08 AM PDT

The benefits of blueberry consumption have been demonstrated in several nutrition studies, more specifically the cardio-protective benefits derived from their high polyphenol content. Blueberries have shown potential to have a positive effect on everything from aging to metabolic syndrome. Researchers recently examined whether blueberries could play a role in reducing one of the world's greatest health challenges: obesity.

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