ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Short-term Stress Enhances Anti-tumor Activity In Mice, Study Shows
• Insufficient Levels Of Vitamin D Puts Elderly At Increased Risk Of Dying From Heart Disease
• Zooming To The Center Of The Milky Way: GigaGalaxy Zoom Phase 2
• Alcohol In Bloodstream Associated With Lower Risk Of Death From Head Injury
• Rare Discovery: Engraved Gemstone Carrying A Portrait Of Alexander The Great
• Race Has Little Effect On People's Ability To Spot Family Resemblances
• In Search Of Dark Asteroids (And Other Sneaky Things)
• Tanning May Be Associated With Moles In Very Light-skinned Children
• Ozone Layer Depletion Leveling Off, Satellite Data Show
• New Device Could More Effectively Alleviate Menstrual Cramp Pain
• Photoswitches Shed Light On Spontaneous Free Swimming In Zebrafish
• How Scientists Think: Fostering Creativity In Problem Solving
• Adolescent Alcohol Expsoure May Lead To Long-term Risky Decision Making
• Healing Badly Damaged Lungs: Distinct Set Of White Blood Cells Found To Set The Pace Of Wound Repair
• Archaeologists Find Burial Cellar In Ancient Syrian City Containing Spectacular Artifacts
• Minimal Training Saves Lives With Airway Mask, Study Finds
• Keeping An Eye On The Oceans
• Banning Smoking In Public Places And Workplaces Is Good For The Heart, Study Finds
• Experimental Approach May Reverse Rheumatoid Arthritis And Osteoporosis
• Old Red Blood Cells May Double Mortality In Trauma Patients
• Learning How Materials Work In Space To Make Them Better On Earth
• More Babies Born Prematurely But Survival Rates Up, UK Study Shows
• Researchers Working To Develop, Market Embryonic Test For Bovine Genetics
• Comfort Food Fallacy: Upheaval Leads To Less-familiar Choices
• You Can't Trust A Tortured Brain: Neuroscience Discredits Coercive Interrogation
• Mild Exercise While In The ICU Reduces Bad Effects Of Prolonged Bed Rest
• Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's LAMP Shedding Light On Permanently Shadowed Regions Of The Moon
• Patients With Cirrhosis And Impaired Cognitive Abilities Have More Motor Vehicle Accidents
• Proposal To Reintroduce Iberian Lynx On Abandoned Agricultural Land
• Moody Memories? Mood Has Limited Effect On Memory, Study Shows
• It's A Grind To Make Mars Red: Planet's Color May Not Be Due To Rust
• Regulating The Regulators: New Therapeutic Approach Against Cancer
• Drug Discovery Process More Accurate, Less Expensive Using Novel Mass Spectrometry Application
• Treating Bone Loss In Breast Cancer Survivors: Cancer Drugs Aren't The Only Culprits
• Smaller Isn't Always Better: Catalyst Simulations Could Lower Fuel Cell Cost
• Children Under Three Can't Learn Action Words From TV -- Unless An Adult Helps
• New Species Discovered On Whale Skeletons
• Anticancer Nanotech: Protein Can Be Used To Carry Radioactive Isotopes To Cancerous Tumor
• Exotic Life Beyond Life? Looking For Life As We Don't Know It
• Reactive Oxygen's Role In Metastasis
• Oceanographers Examine Mercury Levels Of Pelagic Fish In Hawaii
• Genes May Explain Why Children Who Live Without Dads Have Earlier Sex
• 'Rosetta Stone' Of Supervolcanoes Discovered In Italian Alps
• Two-way Communication Between Common Biological Pathways And Body's Daily Clock
• Building A Complete Metabolic Model: Comprehensive Understanding Of Bacteria Could Lead To New Insights Into Many Organisms
• Scientists Uncover A New Mechanism Regulating Fetal Growth And Neonatal Survival
• Early Spring Time For Edinburgh? Study Predicts Effect Of Global Warming On Spring Flowers
• Intelligent Surveillance System To Detect Aberrant Behavior By Drivers And Pedestrians

Short-term Stress Enhances Anti-tumor Activity In Mice, Study Shows Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT Researchers have shown that, at least in laboratory mice, bouts of relatively short-term stress can boost the immune system and protect against one type of cancer. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of this occasional angst seem to last for weeks after the stressful situation has ended. The finding is surprising because chronic stress has the opposite effect -- taxing the immune system and increasing susceptibility to disease.

Insufficient Levels Of Vitamin D Puts Elderly At Increased Risk Of Dying From Heart Disease Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT A new study shows vitamin D plays a vital role in reducing the risk of death associated with older age. The just-published research found that older adults with insufficient levels of vitamin D die from heart disease at greater rates that those with adequate levels of the vitamin.

Zooming To The Center Of The Milky Way: GigaGalaxy Zoom Phase 2 Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT The second of three images of ESO's GigaGalaxy Zoom project has just been released online. It is a new and wonderful 340-million-pixel vista of the central parts of our home galaxy as seen from ESO's Paranal Observatory with an amateur telescope.

Alcohol In Bloodstream Associated With Lower Risk Of Death From Head Injury Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT Individuals with ethanol in their bloodstreams appear less likely to die following a moderate to severe head injury, according to a new report.

Rare Discovery: Engraved Gemstone Carrying A Portrait Of Alexander The Great Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT A gemstone engraved with the portrait of Alexander the Great was uncovered during excavations by an archaeological team in Israel.

Race Has Little Effect On People's Ability To Spot Family Resemblances Posted: 22 Sep 2009 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have ample evidence that individuals use a variety of cues to identify their own kin. People can also detect resemblances in families other than their own. A new study shows that their success in doing so is the same, whether or not those families are the same race as themselves.

In Search Of Dark Asteroids (And Other Sneaky Things) Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT To hunt for the "ninjas" of the cosmos -- dim objects that lurk in the vast dark spaces between planets and stars -- scientists are building by far the most sensitive set of wide-angle infrared goggles ever, a space telescope called the Widefield Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).

Tanning May Be Associated With Moles In Very Light-skinned Children Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT Very light-skinned children without red hair who tan appear to develop more nevi (birthmarks, moles or other colored spots on the skin) than children who do not tan, according to a new report.

Ozone Layer Depletion Leveling Off, Satellite Data Show Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT By merging more than a decade of atmospheric data from European satellites, scientists have compiled a homogeneous long-term ozone record that allows them to monitor total ozone trends on a global scale -- and the findings look promising.

New Device Could More Effectively Alleviate Menstrual Cramp Pain Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT While most women experience minor pain during menstruation, for others, the pain can be severe enough to interfere with everyday activities and require medication. New research reveals initial findings of safety surrounding a new device that may more effectively treat menstrual pain.

Photoswitches Shed Light On Spontaneous Free Swimming In Zebrafish Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT A new technique employing photoswitches and gene targeting is proving a boon to biologists because it allows researchers to noninvasively turn on small populations of cells as easily as flipping a light switch. The new and flexible technique has helped answer a long-standing question about the function of a class of enigmatic nerve cells in the spinal cord.

How Scientists Think: Fostering Creativity In Problem Solving Posted: 22 Sep 2009 08:00 AM PDT Profound discoveries and insights on the frontiers of science do not burst out of thin air but often arise from incremental processes of weaving together analogies, images, and simulations in a constrained fashion. In cutting-edge science, problems are often ill-defined, and experimental data are limited.

Adolescent Alcohol Expsoure May Lead To Long-term Risky Decision Making Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT Exposure to alcohol during adolescence apparently leads to long-term risky decision making, and a new study with rats shows there is a causal link.

Healing Badly Damaged Lungs: Distinct Set Of White Blood Cells Found To Set The Pace Of Wound Repair Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT After more than 50 experiments in mice, medical scientists have mapped out the basic steps taken by a particular set of white blood cells in setting the pace of recovery after serious lung injury.

Archaeologists Find Burial Cellar In Ancient Syrian City Containing Spectacular Artifacts Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT The archaeological excavations at the royal palace in the ancient city of Qatna, north east of the Syrian city of Homs, have once again unfolded a remarkable archaeological discovery. The summer excavations, a German-Syrian collaboration located a rock tomb-cellar underneath the palace containing hundreds of artifacts as well as human bones from the period 1600-1400 BC.

Minimal Training Saves Lives With Airway Mask, Study Finds Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT Virtually anyone has the skills to safely insert a laryngeal mask airway to keep a patient's airway open during resuscitation, and medical expertise isn't required -- perhaps just a familiarity with ER, House or Grey's Anatomy. A new study also found that just two hours of training was enough to make first-responders faster and more efficient during these highly critical situations.

Keeping An Eye On The Oceans Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT In the last ten years, scientists have set up a global observing system to monitor the world's oceans. The observation system works by combining satellite observations with data from in-water recording devices such as buoys, tide gauges and an array of more than 3000 Argo robots.

Banning Smoking In Public Places And Workplaces Is Good For The Heart, Study Finds Posted: 22 Sep 2009 05:00 AM PDT Public smoking bans appear to significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks, particularly among younger individuals and nonsmokers, according to a new study. Researchers find that smoking bans can reduce the number of heart attacks by as much as 26 percent per year.

Experimental Approach May Reverse Rheumatoid Arthritis And Osteoporosis Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have identified a mechanism that may keep a well known signaling molecule from eroding bone and inflaming joints, according to an early study.

Old Red Blood Cells May Double Mortality In Trauma Patients Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT Severe trauma patients requiring a major transfusion are twice as likely to die if they receive red blood cells stored for a month or longer, according to new research. The increased rate of death was measured up to six months post transfusion which is consistent with previous reports in cardiac surgery patients.

Learning How Materials Work In Space To Make Them Better On Earth Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT What's about the size of a large refrigerator, weighs a ton and may help pave the way for new and improved metals or glasses here on Earth? It's the Materials Science Research Rack -- a new laboratory on board the International Space Station.

More Babies Born Prematurely But Survival Rates Up, UK Study Shows Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT Premature births have increased significantly although survival rates of babies born early have improved dramatically, a study in the UK shows. The risk of neonatal death from premature birth more than halved during a 25-year period and there has also been a 10 percent reduction in stillbirth associated with preterm births.

Researchers Working To Develop, Market Embryonic Test For Bovine Genetics Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new process would allow cattle producers to select which embryos are valuable before spending the time, effort and expense of producing a calf only to find out that it has genetic defects that render it of little value.

Comfort Food Fallacy: Upheaval Leads To Less-familiar Choices Posted: 22 Sep 2009 02:00 AM PDT You'd think in times of uncertainty, people would gravitate toward familiar favorites. But a new study shows that stress and upheaval actually lead people to choose less-familiar foods over "comfort foods."

You Can't Trust A Tortured Brain: Neuroscience Discredits Coercive Interrogation Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT According to a new review of neuroscientific research, coercive interrogation techniques used during the Bush administration to extract information from terrorist suspects are likely to have been unsuccessful and may have had many unintended negative effects on the suspect's memory and brain functions.

Mild Exercise While In The ICU Reduces Bad Effects Of Prolonged Bed Rest Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT Critical care experts are reporting initial success in boosting recovery and combating muscle wasting among critically ill, mostly bed-bound patients using any one of a trio of mild physical therapy exercises during their stays in the intensive care unit.

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's LAMP Shedding Light On Permanently Shadowed Regions Of The Moon Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, launched on June 18 of this year, has begun its extensive exploration of the lunar environment and will return more data about the Moon than any previous mission. The Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project is an integral part of the LRO science investigation. LAMP uses a novel method to peer into the perpetual darkness of the Moon's so-called permanently shadowed regions.

Patients With Cirrhosis And Impaired Cognitive Abilities Have More Motor Vehicle Accidents Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT A recent study found that patients with cirrhosis of the liver who developed minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) had a 16% rate of motor vehicle crashes compared to only 4% of those without MHE over one year. The rate of accidents was also significantly higher than the state annual crash rate of 3%-3.3%.

Proposal To Reintroduce Iberian Lynx On Abandoned Agricultural Land Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT Spanish scientists have developed a model to identify the agricultural areas with the greatest potential for restoring the habitat of the Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus), which is at risk of extinction. The study shows that olive groves with low production close to the Natural Park of the Sierra de Cardena y Montoro, in Cordoba -- which is the only place, along with Donana, where this species lives -- are the most appropriate sites for this purpose.

Moody Memories? Mood Has Limited Effect On Memory, Study Shows Posted: 21 Sep 2009 11:00 PM PDT Whether we're deciding to return to a restaurant or to purchase a DVD, many consumers rely on memory when they're making decisions. A new study examines the role of mood on those memory-based decisions.

It's A Grind To Make Mars Red: Planet's Color May Not Be Due To Rust Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT The widespread idea that Mars is red due to rocks being rusted by the water that once flooded the red planet may not be correct. Recent laboratory studies show that red dust may be formed by ongoing grinding of surface rocks and liquid water need not have played any significant role in the formation process. The findings open up the debate about the history of water on Mars and whether it has ever been habitable.

Regulating The Regulators: New Therapeutic Approach Against Cancer Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT The development of cancer involves the uncontrolled growth of normal cells of the body. Our immune system can sense the growth of the tumor cells and can usually eliminate them using direct killing mechanisms, mediated by natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, the tumor has an arsenal of strategies to counteract the immune response that seeks to eliminate it. Researchers have developed a new strategy to selectively block the tumor induced immunosuppression and thereby enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapeutics.

Drug Discovery Process More Accurate, Less Expensive Using Novel Mass Spectrometry Application Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT Cancer and cell biology experts have developed a new mass spectrometry-based tool they say provides more precise, cost-effective data collection for drug discovery efforts.

Treating Bone Loss In Breast Cancer Survivors: Cancer Drugs Aren't The Only Culprits Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT Osteoporosis is a growing concern among breast cancer survivors and their doctors, because certain cancer drugs can cause bone loss. A new study has found that bone loss can be halted with a comprehensive regimen that includes both osteoporosis drugs and treatments that target secondary causes of bone loss.

Smaller Isn't Always Better: Catalyst Simulations Could Lower Fuel Cell Cost Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT Imagine a car that runs on hydrogen from solar power and produces water instead of carbon emissions. While vehicles like this won't be on the market anytime soon, researchers are making incremental but important strides in the fuel cell technology that could make clean cars a reality.

Children Under Three Can't Learn Action Words From TV -- Unless An Adult Helps Posted: 21 Sep 2009 08:00 PM PDT Using modified clips from the program Sesame Beginnings, researchers studied children's ability -- with and without adult support -- to learn a new verb and apply that word to a new scene. The research team found that children under 3 could not learn words directly from the program without adult support. In contrast, children over the age of 3 could learn new words from the video program and understand them later without adult support.

New Species Discovered On Whale Skeletons Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT When a whale dies, it sinks to the seafloor and becomes food for an entire ecosystem. Researchers have discovered previously unknown species that feed only on dead whales -- and have used DNA technology to show that the species diversity in our oceans may be higher than previously thought.

Anticancer Nanotech: Protein Can Be Used To Carry Radioactive Isotopes To Cancerous Tumor Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT Tiny particles of albumin, a protein found in the blood, can be used to carry radioactive isotopes to the site of a cancerous tumor in the body and so avoid many of the side-effects of conventional radiotherapy, according to a new study.

Exotic Life Beyond Life? Looking For Life As We Don't Know It Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT Scientists at a new interdisciplinary research institute in Austria are working to uncover how life might evolve with "exotic" biochemistry and solvents, such as sulphuric acid instead of water.

Reactive Oxygen's Role In Metastasis Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers have discovered that reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, play a key role in forming invadopodia, cellular protrusions implicated in cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis.

Oceanographers Examine Mercury Levels Of Pelagic Fish In Hawaii Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT Oceanographers find that mercury levels in pelagic fish found around Hawaii are influenced by depth.

Genes May Explain Why Children Who Live Without Dads Have Earlier Sex Posted: 21 Sep 2009 05:00 PM PDT Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, researchers used a novel and complex study design to better understand the association between fathers' absence and children's sexuality. Contrary to previous research, this study shows that the association can be best explained by genetic influences. The researchers also suggest that, while there's no "father absence gene," there are genetic contributions to traits in both moms and dads that increase the likelihood of earlier sexual behavior in children.

'Rosetta Stone' Of Supervolcanoes Discovered In Italian Alps Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have found the "Rosetta Stone" of supervolcanoes. A fossil supervolcano has been revealed in a rare uplift of the Earth's crust in the Sesia Valley of the Italian Alps. The discovery will advance scientific understanding of active supervolcanoes, such as Yellowstone, which is the second-largest supervolcano in the world and which last erupted 630,000 years ago.

Two-way Communication Between Common Biological Pathways And Body's Daily Clock Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT While scientists have known for several years that our body's internal clock helps regulate many biological processes, researchers have found that the reverse is also true: Many common biological processes -- including insulin metabolism -- regulate the clock, according to a new study. The new data suggests that someday physicians may be able to use small molecules that inhibit or stimulate these biological processes in order to influence a person's clock.

Building A Complete Metabolic Model: Comprehensive Understanding Of Bacteria Could Lead To New Insights Into Many Organisms Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have constructed a complete model, including 3-D protein structures, of the central metabolic network of the bacterium Thermotoga maritima (T. maritima).

Scientists Uncover A New Mechanism Regulating Fetal Growth And Neonatal Survival Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists in Canada have uncovered the critical role played by the protein kinase Erk3 in fetal growth potential and lung maturation.

Early Spring Time For Edinburgh? Study Predicts Effect Of Global Warming On Spring Flowers Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT Will we soon see the flowers of Edinburgh in full bloom in the depths of winter? This possibility is considered in a new study into the impact of global warming on spring flowering.

Intelligent Surveillance System To Detect Aberrant Behavior By Drivers And Pedestrians Posted: 21 Sep 2009 02:00 PM PDT A team of researchers in Spain has developed an intelligent surveillance system able to detect aberrant behavior by drivers and people on foot crossing pedestrian crossings and in other urban settings. The study could be used to penalize incorrect behavior.

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