ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Discovery Of Natural Odors Could Help Develop Mosquito Repellents
• Discovery Could Open Door To Obesity, Diabetes Treatments
• Rejected Watermelons: The Newest Renewable Energy Source
• Misfolded Proteins: The Fundamental Problem Is Aging
• Confined Electrons Live Longer
• Getting Wired: How The Brain Does It
• Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases
• Small Peptide Found To Stop Lung Cancer Tumor Growth In Mice
• Short- And Long-term Memories Require Same Gene But In Different Circuits
• Bicarbonate Linked To Sticky Mucus In Cystic Fibrosis
• Tropical Storms Endure Over Wet Land, Fizzle Over Dry
• Taking Up Music So You Can Hear
• Blast Waves May Cause Human Brain Injury Even Without Direct Head Impacts
• Molecular Link Found Between Insulin Resistance And Inflammation
• People Vary Widely In Ability To Eliminate Arsenic From The Body
• Short Stature: Both A Specific Gene, And Its Abnormal Regulation, Can Trigger The Condition
• EPA Pesticide Exposure Test Too Short, Overlooks Long Term Effects, According To Expert
• Animal Sacrifice In Brazilian Folk Religion
• Heat Forms Potentially Harmful Substance In High-fructose Corn Syrup, Bee Study Finds
• Changes In DNA Patterns Are Linked To Prenatal Smoke Exposure
• Water Quality Improves After Lawn Fertilizer Ban, Study Shows
• Antimicrobial Antibodies In Celiac Disease: Trick Or Treat?
• Cooperative Cybercars: A Question Of Priorities
• The Art Of Persuasion: Are Consumers Interested In Abstract Or Concrete Features?
• Rats' Mental 'Instant Replay' Drives Next Moves
• New Therapeutic Target Could Help Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis
• Newly Discovered Mechanism In Cell Division Has Implications For Chromosome's Role In Cancer
• Common Blood Disorder May Not Be Linked To As Many Serious Diseases
• Home, James: Public Transport Gets Personal
• Why Weight Watchers Succeeds: Meetings Provide A Blend Of Spirituality And Therapy
• Trifid Nebula: A Massive Star Factory
• Unlocking The Body's Defenses Against Cancer
• New Technology Helps Parkinson's Patients Speak Louder
• Hormone Therapy For Prostate Cancer Patients With Heart Conditions Linked To Increased Death Risk
• Has Northern-hemisphere Pollution Affected Australian Rainfall?
• Moral Machines? New Approach To Decision Making Based On Computational Logic
• Surprising Results In Teen Study: Adolescent Risky Behavior May Signal Mature Brain
• New Link Between Pre-eclampsia And Diet
• Deadly Heat Waves Are Becoming More Frequent In California
• Blood-flow Metabolism Mismatch Predicts Pancreatic Tumor Aggressiveness
• Organic And Natural Beef Cattle Production Systems Offer No Major Difference In Antibiotic Susceptibility Of E. Coli
• New Research Examines How Career Dreams Die
• Evidence Of Iridescence In 40 Million-year-old Feather Fossil
• Biological Mechanism For Delivering Nanoparticles Into Tissue: Potential Drug Delivery System
• LEGOs Help Researchers Learn What Happens Inside Lab-on-a-Chip Devices
• Risk Of Death Following Acute Coronary Syndromes Different For Men, Women
• Marine Scientists Participate In Israeli-Jordanian Project To Protect Gulf Of Aqaba's Fragile Ecosystem
• Women Are Sort Of More Tentative Than Men, Aren't They?

Discovery Of Natural Odors Could Help Develop Mosquito Repellents Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Entomologists working on fruit flies have discovered a novel class of compounds that could pave the way for developing inexpensive and safe mosquito repellents for combating West Nile virus and other tropical diseases. Carbon dioxide emitted in human breath is the main attractant for the Culex mosquito to find people. The researchers identified odorants present in ripening fruit that prevent carbon dioxide-sensitive neurons in fruit fly antennae from functioning.

Discovery Could Open Door To Obesity, Diabetes Treatments Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have identified a new genetic mechanism that controls the body's fat-building process. The discovery could open the door to new treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes, and it has the potential to help hundreds of millions of people and dramatically cut health care costs.

Rejected Watermelons: The Newest Renewable Energy Source Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Watermelon juice can be a valuable source of biofuel. Researchers have shown that the juice of reject watermelons can be efficiently fermented into ethanol.

Misfolded Proteins: The Fundamental Problem Is Aging Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Proteins are essential for all biological activities and the cell's health. Misfolded and damaged proteins spell trouble and are common to all human neurodegenerative diseases and many other age-associated diseases. But when do proteins start to misbehave? Researchers report that protein damage can be detected much earlier than we had thought, long before individuals exhibit symptoms. But their study also suggests if we intervene early enough, the damage could be delayed.

Confined Electrons Live Longer Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Electrons that are trapped in very small structures of only a few nanometer, demonstrate fascinating features. These could be useful for novel computers or semiconductor lasers. Researchers have measured for the first time the exact lifetime of excited electrons.

Getting Wired: How The Brain Does It Posted: 27 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have found an important mechanism involved in setting up the vast communications network of connections in the brain.

Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Researchers believe they have developed one of the first forms of genetic therapy -- a therapy aimed at preventing serious diseases in unborn children. Specifically, the therapy would combat inherited diseases passed on from mothers to their children through mutated DNA in cell mitochondria.

Small Peptide Found To Stop Lung Cancer Tumor Growth In Mice Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Scientists have discovered a treatment effective in mice at blocking the growth and shrinking the size of lung cancer tumors, one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world.

Short- And Long-term Memories Require Same Gene But In Different Circuits Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT It is known that long-term and short-term memories are stored very differently in the brain. Now, researchers have found that both memory types depend on the activity of a gene called rutabaga, but each type forms its own unique signal or trace in different neuronal circuits.

Bicarbonate Linked To Sticky Mucus In Cystic Fibrosis Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT A hallmark of cystic fibrosis, a disease caused by mutations in the CTFR gene, is the accumulation of abnormally thick and sticky mucus in the lung, intestine, and various other organs. Although the accumulation of this mucus is thought likely to play a central role in the development of disease, how mutations in the CTFR gene lead to mucus accumulation have not been determined. Scientists have now provided insight into this issue by studying mouse small intestine segments ex vivo.

Tropical Storms Endure Over Wet Land, Fizzle Over Dry Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT If it has already rained, it's going to continue to pour, according to a study of how ocean-origin storms behave when they come ashore. More than 30 years of monsoon data from India showed that ground moisture where the storms make landfall is a major indicator of what the storm will do from there. If the ground is wet, the storm is likely to sustain, while dry conditions should calm the storm.

Taking Up Music So You Can Hear Posted: 27 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Anyone with an MP3 device has a notion of the majesty of music, of the primal place it holds in the human imagination. But musical training should not be seen simply as stuff of the soul -- a frill that has to go when school budgets dry up, according to a new study. It is the first demonstration of musical training offsetting the deleterious effects of background noise, and the implications are provocative.

Blast Waves May Cause Human Brain Injury Even Without Direct Head Impacts Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT New research on the effects of blast waves could lead to an enhanced understanding of head injuries and improved military helmet design.

Molecular Link Found Between Insulin Resistance And Inflammation Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT An exploration of the molecular links between insulin resistance and inflammation may have revealed a novel target for diabetes treatment, say scientists.

People Vary Widely In Ability To Eliminate Arsenic From The Body Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Large variations exist in peoples' ability to eliminate arsenic from the body, according to a new study that questions existing standards for evaluating the human health risks from the potentially toxic substance.

Short Stature: Both A Specific Gene, And Its Abnormal Regulation, Can Trigger The Condition Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT A specific gene is particularly frequently involved in the development of short stature. Researchers in Germany have now discovered that sequences of genetic material on the X and Y chromosome that regulate this gene are also crucial for growth in children. These gene regulators determine how frequently a gene is copied, thus how effective it is. In many cases, the mutation of one regulatory sequence of the SHOX gene is sufficient to give rise to the full-blown syndrome.

EPA Pesticide Exposure Test Too Short, Overlooks Long Term Effects, According To Expert Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT The four-day testing period the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency commonly uses to determine safe levels of pesticide exposure for humans and animals could fail to account for the toxins' long-term effects, researchers report.

Animal Sacrifice In Brazilian Folk Religion Posted: 27 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Candomblé, a religion practiced primarily in South America and inspired by older African beliefs, makes much use of animal sacrifice. Researchers carried out interviews with priests, priestesses and adherents of the religion, documenting the role sacrifice plays in their beliefs.

Heat Forms Potentially Harmful Substance In High-fructose Corn Syrup, Bee Study Finds Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have established the conditions that foster formation of potentially dangerous levels of a toxic substance in the high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) that is often fed to honey bees. Their study may also have implications for soft drinks and dozens of other human foods that contain HFCS. The substance, hydroxymethylfurfural, forms mainly from heating fructose.

Changes In DNA Patterns Are Linked To Prenatal Smoke Exposure Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new study has found that the life-long effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy may occur through specific changes in DNA patterns.

Water Quality Improves After Lawn Fertilizer Ban, Study Shows Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT In an effort to keep lakes and streams clean, municipalities around the country are banning or restricting the use of phosphorus-containing lawn fertilizers, which can kill fish and cause smelly algae blooms and other problems when the phosphorus washes out of the soil and into waterways.

Antimicrobial Antibodies In Celiac Disease: Trick Or Treat? Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new study found that anti-glycan antibodies were associated with celiac disease. Celiac patients with multiple anti-glycan antibodies of high titers had more frequently malabsorption than other symptoms. Contrary, presence of the anti-microbial antibodies did not show familial aggregation or association with mutations in NOD2/CARD15. Presence of anti-glycan antibodies in celiac disease is supposed secondary to the impaired gut barrier leading to sustained exposure to the gut microflora constituents via translocation.

Cooperative Cybercars: A Question Of Priorities Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT European researchers have developed new control systems that let driverless vehicles communicate and cooperate with each other. Could fleets of high throughput rapid transit systems soon be cruising our cities?

The Art Of Persuasion: Are Consumers Interested In Abstract Or Concrete Features? Posted: 27 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT What types of messages are most persuasive? For example, would you be more likely to buy a TiVo if an ad described it as offering you freedom or if it explained how you could replay sports events? A new study says the key to an effective message is finding the fit between the consumers' goals and the level of abstraction.

Rats' Mental 'Instant Replay' Drives Next Moves Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers have found that rats use a mental instant replay of their actions to help them decide what to do next, shedding new light on how animals and humans learn and remember.

New Therapeutic Target Could Help Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers have discovered that targeting of a novel gene utilizing genetic and pharmacologic strategies was successful in treating pulmonary fibrosis in mice and will be developed for future testing in humans.

Newly Discovered Mechanism In Cell Division Has Implications For Chromosome's Role In Cancer Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Errors in cell division can cause mutations that lead to cancer, and a new study could shed light on the role of chromosome abnormalities in uncontrolled cell replication. Researchers uncovered the molecular players and mechanism underlying a little-studied stage of cellular division called Anaphase B.

Common Blood Disorder May Not Be Linked To As Many Serious Diseases Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT A symptomless blood disorder, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, known as MGUS, is not linked to as many serious diseases as previously thought. This finding may save patients from undergoing unnecessary workup and treatment, according to a new study.

Home, James: Public Transport Gets Personal Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT A European research project has developed technologies that pave the way for highly efficient unmanned public transport systems. In congested cities, it is hard to imagine that private cars and taxis could ever be replaced by a public transport system that provides a personal, door-to-door service. But this is exactly the long-term vision of one researcher.

Why Weight Watchers Succeeds: Meetings Provide A Blend Of Spirituality And Therapy Posted: 26 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Weight Watchers is the world's largest support group, with more than 1.5 million members worldwide. What makes overweight consumers turn to this organization for help? A new study says dieters are attracted to its combination of spirituality and therapy.

Trifid Nebula: A Massive Star Factory Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT A new image of the Trifid Nebula, shows just why it is a firm favorite of astronomers, amateur and professional alike. This massive star factory is so named for the dark dust bands that trisect its glowing heart, and is a rare combination of three nebula types, revealing the fury of freshly formed stars and presaging more star birth.

Unlocking The Body's Defenses Against Cancer Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a way of allowing healthy cells to take charge of cancerous cells and stop them developing into tumors in what could provide a new approach to treating early-stage cancers.

New Technology Helps Parkinson's Patients Speak Louder Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new technology that helps Parkinson's patients overcome the tendency to speak too quietly by playing a recording of ambient sound, which resembles the noisy chatter of a restaurant full of patrons.

Hormone Therapy For Prostate Cancer Patients With Heart Conditions Linked To Increased Death Risk Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Men with coronary artery disease-induced congestive heart failure or heart attack who receive hormone therapy before or along with radiation therapy for treatment of prostate cancer have an associated increased risk of death, according to a new study.

Has Northern-hemisphere Pollution Affected Australian Rainfall? Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT New research implicates pollution from Asia, Europe and North America as a contributor to recent Australian rainfall changes.

Moral Machines? New Approach To Decision Making Based On Computational Logic Posted: 26 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Researchers from Portugal and Indonesia describe an approach to decision making based on computational logic, which might one day give machines a sense of morality.

Surprising Results In Teen Study: Adolescent Risky Behavior May Signal Mature Brain Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A long-standing theory of adolescent behavior has assumed that this delayed brain maturation is the cause of impulsive and dangerous decisions in adolescence. The new study, using a new form of brain imaging, calls into question this theory.

New Link Between Pre-eclampsia And Diet Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A chemical compound found in unpasteurized food has been detected in unusually high levels in the red blood cells of pregnant women with the condition pre-eclampsia.

Deadly Heat Waves Are Becoming More Frequent In California Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT From mid July to early August 2006, a heat wave swept through the southwestern United States. Temperature records were broken at many locations and unusually high humidity levels for this typically arid region led to the deaths of more than 600 people, 25,000 cattle and 70,000 poultry in California alone.

Blood-flow Metabolism Mismatch Predicts Pancreatic Tumor Aggressiveness Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers from Finland have identified a blood-flow glucose consumption mismatch that predicted pancreatic tumor aggressiveness, according to results of a new study.

Organic And Natural Beef Cattle Production Systems Offer No Major Difference In Antibiotic Susceptibility Of E. Coli Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new study suggests that when compared to conventionally raised beef cattle, organic and natural production systems do not impact antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157:H7. This discovery emphasizes that although popular for their suggested health benefit, little is actually known about the effects of organic and natural beef production on food-borne pathogens.

New Research Examines How Career Dreams Die Posted: 26 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new study shows just what it takes to convince a person that he isn't qualified to achieve the career of his dreams. Researchers found that it's not enough to tell people they don't have the skills or the grades to make their goal a reality. People will cling to their dreams until they're clearly shown not only why they're not qualified, but also what bad things can happen if they pursue their goals and fail.

Evidence Of Iridescence In 40 Million-year-old Feather Fossil Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Ppaleontologists and ornithologists have discovered evidence of vivid iridescent colors in feather fossils more than 40 million-years-old. The finding signifies the first evidence of a preserved color-producing nanostructure in a fossilized feather.

Biological Mechanism For Delivering Nanoparticles Into Tissue: Potential Drug Delivery System Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a potential new drug delivery system. The finding is a biological mechanism for delivery of nanoparticles into tissue.

LEGOs Help Researchers Learn What Happens Inside Lab-on-a-Chip Devices Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Engineers are using a popular children's toy to visualize the behavior of particles, cells and molecules in environments too small to see with the naked eye. These researchers are arranging little LEGO pieces shaped like pegs to recreate microscopic activity taking place inside lab-on-a-chip devices at a scale they can more easily observe.

Risk Of Death Following Acute Coronary Syndromes Different For Men, Women Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Women may have a slightly higher risk of death than men in the 30 days following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS; such as heart attack or unstable angina), but this difference appears attributable to factors such as severity and type of ACS, clinical differences and angiographic severity according to a new study.

Marine Scientists Participate In Israeli-Jordanian Project To Protect Gulf Of Aqaba's Fragile Ecosystem Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists from the U.S. have teamed up with Israeli and Jordanian researchers to protect the Gulf of Aqaba, a strategic waterway whose fragile marine ecosystem is vital to both Israel and Jordan. Participants in the NATO-funded project say they are bridging the Arab-Israeli political divide for the sake of science, peace and environmental conservation.

Women Are Sort Of More Tentative Than Men, Aren't They? Posted: 26 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Women hedge, issue disclaimers and ask questions when they communicate, language features that can suggest uncertainty, lack of confidence and low status. But men do the same.

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