ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Lower-cost Solar Cells To Be Printed Like Newspaper, Painted On Rooftops
• Unlocking The Secret Of The Bladder's Bouncers
• Gene Discovery Reveals Critical Protein's Function In Hearing
• Why Low Vitamin D Raises Heart Disease Risks In Diabetics
• First Measure Of Africa's Coastal Forests: Swampy Mangrove Destruction Threatens Shrimp Farming
• Saying 'I'm Sorry' Influences Jurors
• Retina Cells Created From Skin-derived Stem Cells
• Why 'Thick' Blood Protects From A Heart Attack
• Scientists Shed New Light On Behavior Of Shark 'Tweens' And 'Teenagers'
• Still Holding Their Breath: Mortality On Lung Transplant Wait List Remains High For Some
• Many Online Social Networks Leak Personal Information To Tracking Sites, New Study Shows
• Employees Who Are Engaged In Their Work Have Happier Home Life
• New Species Of Crustacean Discovered Near Canary Islands
• Parkinson's Disease: When Cells Run Out Of Fuel
• Blossoms Of Maturity: Newly Discovered Signaling Pathway Ensures That Plants Remember To Flower
• New Technique Can Help Diagnose Mesothelioma
• New Supercomputer -- Cystorm -- Unleashes 28.16 Trillion Calculations Per Second
• Cancer Patients Who Are Separated When Diagnosed Have Worse Survival Rates
• Strong Link Found Between Concussions And Brain Tissue Injury
• Key Circuits Control Cell's Ability To Adapt To Changes In Its Environment
• How Diarrheal Bacteria Cause Some Colon Cancers Revealed In Mouse Studies
• Some Skin Cancer May Be Mediated By Primary Cilia Activity
• Messenger RNA Are Lost In Translation: Study Challenges Current View
• Young Leukemia And Lymphoma Patients Live Longer Today Than In Years Past
• Genomic Study Yields Plausible Cause Of Colony Collapse Disorder
• Switching On The Power Of Stem Cells
• Young Arctic Muskoxen Better At Keeping Warm Than Scientists Thought
• Night Home Hemodialysis Shown To Be As Good As Transplant In Treating Kidney Failure
• Novel Temperature Calibration Improves Microhotplate Technology
• Meal Replacements Aid Weight Loss, Study Finds
• Cell Reproduction Research May Point To 'Off Switch' For Cancer
• Single Host Gene May Hold Key To Treating Both Ebola And Anthrax Infections
• Discovery To Aid Study Of Biological Structures, Molecules
• Naturally-occurring Protection Against Severe Malaria Demonstrated
• Plant Protein 'Doorkeepers' Block Invading Microbes, Study Finds
• Increasing The Number Of Kidney Transplants: Extending The Gift Of Life From Very Young Donors
• Perceptual Rivalry: Nostrils Alternate To Process Competing Odors
• Research Sheds Light On Sudden Death In People With High Cholesterol
• Rare Sheep Could Be Key To Better Diagnostic Tests In Developing World
• New Biomarker Method Could Increase The Number Of Diagnostic Tests For Cancer
• Genetic Analysis Reveals Secrets Of Scorpion Venom
• Smoking May Worsen Malnutrition In Developing Nations
• Tobacco Plants Yield First Vaccine For Dreaded 'Cruise Ship Virus'
• Fragile Period Of Childhood Brain Development Could Underlie Epilepsy
• Flies Avoid Plant's Poison Using Newly Identified Taste Mechanism
• Why Repair Of Brain's Wiring Fails
• Faults And Earthquakes In China Monitored From Space
• Clinical Depression Causes Early Malfunctions In The Brain’s Pleasure Center, Study Shows

Lower-cost Solar Cells To Be Printed Like Newspaper, Painted On Rooftops Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Solar cells could soon be produced more cheaply using nanoparticle "inks" that allow them to be printed like newspaper or painted onto the sides of buildings or rooftops to absorb electricity-producing sunlight.

Unlocking The Secret Of The Bladder's Bouncers Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Researchers may have a new way to stop and even prevent the urinary tract infections that plague more than a third of all adults, some of them repeatedly.

Gene Discovery Reveals Critical Protein's Function In Hearing Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Discovery of a deafness-causing gene defect in mice has helped identify a new protein that protects sensory cells in the ear, according to a new study. The mutated gene fails to produce normal claudin-9 protein, which, the scientists showed, is needed to maintain the proper distribution of potassium in the inner ear.

Why Low Vitamin D Raises Heart Disease Risks In Diabetics Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Low levels of vitamin D are known to nearly double the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes, and researchers now think they know why.

First Measure Of Africa's Coastal Forests: Swampy Mangrove Destruction Threatens Shrimp Farming Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Impoverished fishermen along the coast of tropical African countries like Mozambique and Madagascar may have only a few more years to eke out a profit from one of their nations' biggest agricultural exports. Within a few decades, they may no longer have a livelihood at all. That's because swampy mangrove forests – essential breeding grounds for fish and shellfish in these countries – are being destroyed by worsening pollution, encroaching real estate development, and deforestation necessary to sustain large-scale commercial shrimp farming.

Saying 'I'm Sorry' Influences Jurors Posted: 25 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Apologizing for negative outcomes -- a practice common even with children -- may lead to more favorable verdicts for auditors in court, according to researchers.

Retina Cells Created From Skin-derived Stem Cells Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Scientists have successfully grown multiple types of retina cells from two types of stem cells -- suggesting a future in which damaged retinas could be repaired by cells grown from the patient's own skin.

Why 'Thick' Blood Protects From A Heart Attack Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT "Thick" blood can cause heart attack and stroke, but also prevent them. Scientists have explained the mechanism of this clinical paradox for the first time on an animal model. Mice with a greater tendency to form blood clots have larger plaques in their vessels, but they are more stable. Thus, there is less risk that these plaques will rupture and obstruct circulation.

Scientists Shed New Light On Behavior Of Shark 'Tweens' And 'Teenagers' Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Marine biologists have shown that young lemon sharks born in Bimini, Bahamas, tend to stay near their coastal birthplace for many years. Knowledge about these intermediate-aged animals -- the breeders of tomorrow -- has been limited. Thus, tropical island-nations that sacrifice their nursery habitats to coastal development are therefore likely to lose both babies and much older sharks, with potentially dire effects on the surrounding ecosystem.

Still Holding Their Breath: Mortality On Lung Transplant Wait List Remains High For Some Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Mortality remains high among patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension awaiting lung transplant, despite changes to the allocation system that were designed to reduce mortality and increase the equitable distribution of donor organs, according to new research.

Many Online Social Networks Leak Personal Information To Tracking Sites, New Study Shows Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT More than a half billion people use online social networks, posting vast amounts of information about themselves to share with online friends and colleagues. A new study has found that the practices of many popular social networking sites typically make that personal information available to companies that track Web users' browsing habits, and allow them to link anonymous browsing habits to specific people.

Employees Who Are Engaged In Their Work Have Happier Home Life Posted: 25 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Psychology researchers studied how positive work experiences extend into family life and facilitate family interactions. They found that employees who are engaged in their work, which includes higher levels of vigor, more dedication and absorption in daily activities, have better moods and more satisfaction at home.

New Species Of Crustacean Discovered Near Canary Islands Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT During a cave diving expedition to explore the Tunnel de la Atlantida, the world's longest submarine lava tube on Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, a team of scientists and cave divers have discovered a previously unknown species of crustacean, belonging to the remipede genus Speleonectes.

Parkinson's Disease: When Cells Run Out Of Fuel Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Insights into the function of Parkinson's genes can help to understand the causes of this neurodegenerative disease -- and to develop new therapies. Researchers have now discovered that two Parkinson's genes ensure the energy supply of neurons involved in Parkinson's disease.

Blossoms Of Maturity: Newly Discovered Signaling Pathway Ensures That Plants Remember To Flower Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Plants normally flower in response to seasonal changes, such as those associated with the end of winter or beginning of spring. Scientists have now identified a signaling pathway that allows plants to blossom even without positive signals from the environment. The concentration of a small RNA snippet in plants cells operates like an hour glass: a decline in its level awakes the plant from its vegetative dormancy and allows it to enter the reproductive mode.

New Technique Can Help Diagnose Mesothelioma Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT A new technique may help clinicians hone in on a diagnosis in patients presenting with a pleural effusion of unknown cause.

New Supercomputer -- Cystorm -- Unleashes 28.16 Trillion Calculations Per Second Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Cystorm, Iowa State University's second supercomputer, is capable of a peak performance of 28.16 trillion calculations per second. It will help researchers advance their work in materials science, power systems and systems biology.

Cancer Patients Who Are Separated When Diagnosed Have Worse Survival Rates Posted: 25 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Among unmarried cancer patients, those who are separated at the time of diagnosis do not live as long as widowed, divorced, and never married patients.

Strong Link Found Between Concussions And Brain Tissue Injury Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Concussions, whether from an accident, sporting event, or combat, can lead to permanent loss of higher level mental processes. Scientists have debated for centuries whether concussions involve structural damage to brain tissue or whether physiological changes that merely impair the way brain cells function, explain this loss. Now, for the first time, researchers have linked areas of brain injury to specific altered mental processes caused by concussions.

Key Circuits Control Cell's Ability To Adapt To Changes In Its Environment Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have identified the two key circuits that control a cell's ability to adapt to changes in its environment, a finding that could have applications ranging from diabetes and autoimmune research to targeted drug development for complex diseases.

How Diarrheal Bacteria Cause Some Colon Cancers Revealed In Mouse Studies Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Scientists say they have figured out how bacteria that cause diarrhea may also be the culprit in some colon cancers. The investigators say that strains of the common Bacteroides fragilis dupe immune system cells into permitting runaway colon tissue inflammation, a precursor for malignant growth.

Some Skin Cancer May Be Mediated By Primary Cilia Activity Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Tiny, solitary spikes that stick out of nearly every cell in the body play a central role in a type of skin cancer, new research has found. The discovery in mice shows that the microscopic structures known as primary cilia can either suppress or promote this skin cancer, depending on the mutation triggering the disease.

Messenger RNA Are Lost In Translation: Study Challenges Current View Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that messenger RNA predominately degrade on ribosomes, fundamentally altering a common understanding of how gene expression is controlled within the cell.

Young Leukemia And Lymphoma Patients Live Longer Today Than In Years Past Posted: 25 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT A new analysis has found that adolescents and young adults who were recently diagnosed with blood-related cancers have better long-term survival rates than those who were diagnosed in the 1980s.

Genomic Study Yields Plausible Cause Of Colony Collapse Disorder Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers have found a surprising but reliable marker of colony collapse disorder, a baffling malady that in 2007-2008 killed off more than a third of commercial honey bees in the US. Their study is the first to identify a single, objective molecular marker of the disorder, and to propose a data-driven hypothesis to explain the mysterious disappearance of American honey bees.

Switching On The Power Of Stem Cells Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Scientists have uncovered a vital link in the chain of events that gives stem cells their remarkable properties.

Young Arctic Muskoxen Better At Keeping Warm Than Scientists Thought Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT A new study finds that young muskoxen conserve heat almost as well as adults, a finding that runs contrary to a longstanding assumption among scientists that young animals should be more vulnerable in extreme cold.

Night Home Hemodialysis Shown To Be As Good As Transplant In Treating Kidney Failure Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT For the first time, it has been shown that patients who receive night home hemodialysis live just as long as those who receive kidney transplants from deceased donors.

Novel Temperature Calibration Improves Microhotplate Technology Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new calibration technique that will improve the reliability and stability of the microhotplate -- a novel device being developed as the foundation for miniature yet highly accurate gas sensors that can detect chemical and biological agents, industrial leaks and even signs of extraterrestrial life from aboard a planetary probe.

Meal Replacements Aid Weight Loss, Study Finds Posted: 24 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Meal replacements in a medically supervised weight loss program are successful in facilitating weight loss, according to a new study.

Cell Reproduction Research May Point To 'Off Switch' For Cancer Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT New insight into how human cells reproduce could help scientists move closer to finding an "off switch" for cancer. Cancer cells divide uncontrollably and can move from one part of the body to another. They undergo dramatic shifts in shape when they do so, says one researcher who is investigating how certain proteins trigger cell movement and division and how cancer hijacks the system to create genomic instability.

Single Host Gene May Hold Key To Treating Both Ebola And Anthrax Infections Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT New research indicates that a minor reduction in levels of one particular gene, known as CD45, can provide protection against two divergent microbes: the virus that causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever and the bacterium that causes anthrax. Taken together, the results suggest a common host restriction factor and a promising approach to drug development for treating two completely different infections.

Discovery To Aid Study Of Biological Structures, Molecules Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Researchers in the United States and Spain have discovered that a tool widely used in nanoscale imaging works differently in watery environments, a step toward better using the instrument to study biological molecules and structures.

Naturally-occurring Protection Against Severe Malaria Demonstrated Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Researchers in Portugal show that an anti-oxidant drug can protect against the development of deadly forms of malaria. These findings have direct implications for the treatment of this devastating disease, caused by the parasite Plasmodium, and still one of the main causes of death worldwide.

Plant Protein 'Doorkeepers' Block Invading Microbes, Study Finds Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT A group of plant proteins that "shut the door" on bacteria that would otherwise infect the plant's leaves has been identified for the first time.

Increasing The Number Of Kidney Transplants: Extending The Gift Of Life From Very Young Donors Posted: 24 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT In most transplant centers, the kidneys of very young deceased donors are transplanted together into one patient. According to a new study, a single kidney from a very young deceased donor maintains the health of an adult with kidney failure.

Perceptual Rivalry: Nostrils Alternate To Process Competing Odors Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT When the nose encounters two different scents simultaneously, the brain processes them separately through each nostril in an alternating fashion. This finding is the first demonstration of "perceptual rivalry" in the olfactory system.

Research Sheds Light On Sudden Death In People With High Cholesterol Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT Cholesterol can affect the flow of the electrical currents that generate the heart beat, according to a study by two cardiovascular researchers. The research team has just published the important discovery about the causes of cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats).

Rare Sheep Could Be Key To Better Diagnostic Tests In Developing World Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT The newest revolution in microbiology testing walks on four legs and says "baa". It's the hair sheep, a less-hirsute version of the familiar woolly barnyard resident. Not only are these ruminants low-maintenance and parasite-resistant, they're also perfect blood donors for the microbiology tests necessary to diagnose infectious disease in the developing world.

New Biomarker Method Could Increase The Number Of Diagnostic Tests For Cancer Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new method for detecting and quantifying protein biomarkers in body fluids may ultimately make it possible to screen multiple biomarkers in hundreds of patient samples, thus ensuring that only the strongest biomarker candidates will advance down the development pipeline.

Genetic Analysis Reveals Secrets Of Scorpion Venom Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT Transcriptomic tests have uncovered the protein composition of venom from the Scorpiops jendeki scorpion. Researchers have carried out the first ever venom analysis in this arachnid, and discovered nine novel poison molecules never before seen in any scorpion species.

Smoking May Worsen Malnutrition In Developing Nations Posted: 24 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new study finds that smokers in rural Indonesia finance their habit by dipping into the family food budget -- which ultimately results in poorer nutrition for their children. The findings suggest that the costs of smoking in the developing world go well beyond the immediate health risks.

Tobacco Plants Yield First Vaccine For Dreaded 'Cruise Ship Virus' Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have used a new vaccine production technology to develop a vaccine for norovirus, a dreaded cause of diarrhea and vomiting that may be the second most common viral infection in the United States after the flu. Sometimes called the "cruise ship virus," this microbe can spread like wildfire through passenger liners, schools, offices and military bases.

Fragile Period Of Childhood Brain Development Could Underlie Epilepsy Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT A form of partial epilepsy associated with auditory and other sensory hallucinations has been linked to the disruption of brain development during early childhood, according to a new study.

Flies Avoid Plant's Poison Using Newly Identified Taste Mechanism Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Many plants protect themselves from hungry animals by producing toxic chemicals. In turn, animals rely on detecting the presence of these harmful chemicals to avoid consuming dangerous plant material. A new article investigates the response of an insect to a common plant weapon -- the toxin L-canavanine.

Why Repair Of Brain's Wiring Fails Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have uncovered new evidence suggesting that damage to nerve cells in people with multiple sclerosis accumulates because the body's natural mechanism for repair of the nerve coating called "myelin" stalls out.

Faults And Earthquakes In China Monitored From Space Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT China is in a very seismically active area and has had many catastrophic earthquakes during its history. A joint European-Chinese team is using satellite radar data to monitor ground deformation across major continental faults in China to understand better the seismic cycle and how faults behave.

Clinical Depression Causes Early Malfunctions In The Brain’s Pleasure Center, Study Shows Posted: 24 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Clinically depressed individuals are less capable of finding pleasure in activities they previously enjoyed, a recent study has shown. Research shows reduced brain function in the reward center of the brain in depressed individuals, when compared to healthy subjects.

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