ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Chicken-hearted Tyrants: Predatory Dinosaurs As Baby Killers
• Gene Shut-down May Offer Early Warning Of Chronic Leukemia
• ER Physician Tells You How To Avoid A Lightning Strike And What To Do If One Occurs
• Why Even Treated Genital Herpes Sores Boost The Risk Of HIV Infection
• Great Diversity Of Marine Plankton Drive Oceanic Photosynthesis
• Fat Hormone Influences Baseline Dopamine Levels And Our Motivation To Eat
• Long Debate Ended Over Cause, Demise Of Ice Ages? Research Into Earth's Wobble
• Common Trigger In Cancer And Normal Stem Cell Reproduction Found
• Fuel Cell Powered Unmanned Aerial System Achieves Flight Endurance Milestone
• Sensitizing Tumor Response To Cancer Therapy
• Geoengineering To Mitigate Global Warming May Cause Other Environmental Harm
• No Need To Tighten Your Belt: Credit Crunch Will Worsen Obesity Epidemic
• Scientists Find Universal Rules For Food-web Stability
• New Alzheimer's Gene Discovered
• Wastewater Produces Electricity And Desalinates Water
• Women Often Opt To Surgically Remove Their Breasts, Ovaries To Reduce Cancer Risk
• Technology To Support Deepwater Crustal Drilling
• Moving To The US Increases Cancer Risk For Hispanics
• New Planet-finder Shows Its Power: Kepler Orbiting Telescope Should Soon Find Alien Earths
• Stem Cells Made From Developing Sperm
• Beetroot Juice Boosts Stamina, New Study Shows
• Higher Drug Doses Needed To Defeat Tuberculosis, Researchers Report
• Scientists Find Early Evolution Maximized The 'Spellchecking' Of Protein Sequences
• 100-meter Sprint Can Be Run In 9.51 Seconds, Extreme-value Theory Shows
• Nanoscale Origami From DNA
• More Insulin-producing Cells, At The Flip Of A 'Switch'
• Protein Unfolding Is Key For Understanding Blood Clot Mechanics
• Finding Key To Cancer Drug Gleevec's Limitations
• Large Hadron Collider To Run At 3.5 TeV For Early Part Of 2009-2010 Run, Rising Later
• Does Facebook Usage Contribute To Jealousy In Relationships?
• Organic Carbon Compounds Emitted By Trees Affect Air Quality
• Key To Strengthening Immune Response To Chronic Infection Found
• Researchers Reveal Ocean Acidification At Station ALOHA In Hawaii
• Protein Level May Serve As Predictor Of Severe Osteoarthritis
• NASA Eyes Category 4 Hurricane Felicia And A Stubborn Enrique
• Looking At Language: Eye Movements Of Parkinson’s Disease Patients During Sentence Comprehension Support Subcortical Role In Processing Syntax
• More Accurate Weather Forecasts Coming Soon
• Study Links Selection For Pathogen-resistance With Increased Risk For Inflammatory Disease
• New Seedless Tangerine-Like Citrus Plant Developed
• Higher Muscle Density Reduced Risk Of Hospitalization In The Elderly
• Typhoon Morakot's Cloud Top Extent Doubled In Size In 1 Day
• Depression And Inflammation Linked To Pain In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
• Fossil Tooth Remains Of Extinct Rodent Species Discovered: Oldest Find Within This Genus
• High Cholesterol In Midlife Raises Risk Of Late-life Dementia, Study Finds
• Marine Pest Species Costing Billions In Damage To Fisheries, Coastal Communities And Infrastructure Are Spreading
• New Insight Into Human Ciliopathy
• Sustainable Agriculture: Perennial Plants Produce More; Landscape Diversity Creates Habitat For Pest Enemies
• Older Adults Subjected To Abuse Or Self-neglect At Greater Risk Of Mortality

Chicken-hearted Tyrants: Predatory Dinosaurs As Baby Killers Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT Tyrannosaurus rex and other predatory dinosaurs might not have been fearless hunters after all. Using new fossil evidence, researchers in Germany propose that the large carnivores hunted mainly juvenile dinosaurs instead of giant herbivorous adults.

Gene Shut-down May Offer Early Warning Of Chronic Leukemia Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT A new study shows that certain genes are turned off early in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), before clinical signs of the disease appear. The study examined cancer cells from CLL patients and from a new strain of mice that develops a very similar disease. The findings suggest that epigenetic alterations might serve as markers for detecting CLL early and for monitoring progression, and that their reversal might delay or prevent progression.

ER Physician Tells You How To Avoid A Lightning Strike And What To Do If One Occurs Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT An estimated 200 people die each year in the U.S. after being struck by lightning. An extremely brief but intense hit delivers more than 10 million volts and is fatal in about 30 percent of cases. Recent lightning strikes in Newark resulted in one death and three injuries.

Why Even Treated Genital Herpes Sores Boost The Risk Of HIV Infection Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT New research helps explain why infection with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), which causes genital herpes, increases the risk for HIV infection even after successful treatment heals the genital skin sores and breaks that often result from HSV-2.

Great Diversity Of Marine Plankton Drive Oceanic Photosynthesis Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT Marine biologists have demonstrated that there is considerable diversity amongst the smallest microalgae belonging to the group of so-called haptophytes. Scientists have shown that these photosynthetic microorganisms, highly diversified and extremely abundant, are some of the most important producers of oceanic organic matter.

Fat Hormone Influences Baseline Dopamine Levels And Our Motivation To Eat Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 PM PDT As we all know from experience, people eat not only because they are hungry, but also because the food just simply tastes too good to pass up. Now, a new study helps to explain how leptin, a hormone produced by fat tissue, influences that motivation to eat.

Long Debate Ended Over Cause, Demise Of Ice Ages? Research Into Earth's Wobble Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have largely put to rest a long debate on the underlying mechanism that has caused periodic ice ages on Earth for the past 2.5 million years -- they are ultimately linked to slight shifts in solar radiation caused by predictable changes in Earth's rotation and axis.

Common Trigger In Cancer And Normal Stem Cell Reproduction Found Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have discovered, for the first time, a common molecular pathway that is used by both normal stem cells and cancer stem cells when they reproduce themselves.

Fuel Cell Powered Unmanned Aerial System Achieves Flight Endurance Milestone Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have completed a successful flight test of the fuel cell powered XFC (eXperimental Fuel Cell) unmanned aerial system. During the June 2 flight test, the XFC UAS was airborne for more than six hours.

Sensitizing Tumor Response To Cancer Therapy Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers are working to find natural, biologically active compounds that will sensitize cancerous tumors to therapy without damaging normal tissue.

Geoengineering To Mitigate Global Warming May Cause Other Environmental Harm Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Geoengineering techniques aim to slow global warming through the use of human-made changes to the Earth's land, seas or atmosphere. But new research shows that the use of geoengineering to do environmental good may cause other environmental harm.

No Need To Tighten Your Belt: Credit Crunch Will Worsen Obesity Epidemic Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 PM PDT Levels of debt have been associated with an increased risk of being fat. Researchers blame the trend on the high price of healthy food, and a tendency for people worried by debt to comfort eat.

Scientists Find Universal Rules For Food-web Stability Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Food-web stability is enhanced when many diverse predator-prey links connect high and intermediate trophic levels. The computations also reveal that small ecosystems follow other rules than large ecosystems: differences in the strength of predator-prey links increase the stability of small webs, but destabilize larger webs.

New Alzheimer's Gene Discovered Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT A new study has found that a gene called TOMM40 appears twice as often in people with Alzheimer's disease than in those without it. Alzheimer's, for which there is no cure, is the leading cause of elderly dementia.

Wastewater Produces Electricity And Desalinates Water Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT A process that cleans wastewater and generates electricity can also remove 90 percent of salt from brackish water or seawater, according to an international team of researchers from China and the US.

Women Often Opt To Surgically Remove Their Breasts, Ovaries To Reduce Cancer Risk Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Many women at high risk for breast or ovarian cancer are choosing to undergo surgery as a precautionary measure to decrease their cancer risk, according to a new report.

Technology To Support Deepwater Crustal Drilling Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have engineered an ultra-deepwater drilling technology for use by drilling vessels in scientific research. Originally developed for shallow-water oil and gas exploration, the "riserless mud recovery" technology holds great promise for scientists striving to reach the long-held goal of Project Mohole in the 1950s: drilling through ocean crust into the Earth's mantle; a frontier not yet explored today.

Moving To The US Increases Cancer Risk For Hispanics Posted: 07 Aug 2009 11:00 AM PDT Results of a new study confirm trends that different Hispanic population groups have higher incidence rates of certain cancers and worse cancer outcomes if they live in the United States, than they do if they live in their homelands.

New Planet-finder Shows Its Power: Kepler Orbiting Telescope Should Soon Find Alien Earths Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT The first results are in from the Kepler orbiting observatory, the world's most powerful planet-searching telescope, and they show that the instrument should have no trouble detecting "alien Earths" -- planets that are about the size of our own.

Stem Cells Made From Developing Sperm Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT The promise of stem cell therapy may lie in uncovering how adult cells revert back into a primordial, stem cell state, whose fate is yet to be determined. Now, cell scientists have identified key molecular players responsible for this reversion in fruit fly sperm cells. Researchers have shown that two proteins are responsible redirecting cells on the way to becoming sperm back to stem cells.

Beetroot Juice Boosts Stamina, New Study Shows Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Drinking beetroot juice boosts your stamina and could help you exercise for up to 16 percent longer. A new study shows for the first time how the nitrate contained in beetroot juice leads to a reduction in oxygen uptake, making exercise less tiring. The study reveals that drinking beetroot juice reduces oxygen uptake to an extent that cannot be achieved by any other known means, including training.

Higher Drug Doses Needed To Defeat Tuberculosis, Researchers Report Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT The typical dose of a medication considered pivotal in treating tuberculosis effectively is much too low to account for modern-day physiques, researchers said.

Scientists Find Early Evolution Maximized The 'Spellchecking' Of Protein Sequences Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT As letters of the alphabet spell out words, when amino acids are linked to one another in a particular order they "spell out" proteins. But sometimes the cell machinery for building proteins in our bodies makes a mistake and the wrong amino acid is inserted. The consequences can be devastating, resulting in a garbled protein that no longer has the correct function, possibly leading to cancers and other diseases.

100-meter Sprint Can Be Run In 9.51 Seconds, Extreme-value Theory Shows Posted: 07 Aug 2009 08:00 AM PDT Just how much faster can an athlete run the hundred meters? The current world record, which belongs to Usain Bolt, stands at 9.69 seconds. Two econometricians have calculated the ultimate records possible for the 100-meter sprint. There is room for improvement in both the men's and women's times in the near future.

Nanoscale Origami From DNA Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Scientists have thrown the lid off a new toolbox for building nanoscale structures out of DNA, with complex twisting and curving shapes. They report a series of experiments in which they folded DNA, origami-like, into 3-D objects including a beach ball-shaped wireframe capsule just 50 nanometers in diameter.

More Insulin-producing Cells, At The Flip Of A 'Switch' Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Researchers have found a way in mice to convert another type of pancreas cell into the critical insulin-producing beta cells that are lost in those with type I diabetes. The secret ingredient is a single transcription factor, according to the report.

Protein Unfolding Is Key For Understanding Blood Clot Mechanics Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Fibrin, the chief ingredient of blood clots, is a remarkably versatile polymer. On one hand, it forms a network of fibers -- a blood clot -- that stems the loss of blood at an injury site while remaining pliable and flexible. On the other hand, fibrin provides a scaffold for thrombi, clots that block blood vessels and cause tissue damage, leading to cardiovascular disease. The answer is a process known as protein unfolding.

Finding Key To Cancer Drug Gleevec's Limitations Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT Researchers have learned why imatinib, marketed as Gleevec, helps patients with chronic myeloid leukemia survive longer, but does not keep the disease from returning if treatment ends. The team is now combining imatinib with other drugs in mouse studies to find ways to sensitize resistant leukemia-initiating cells to imatinib and enhance its power.

Large Hadron Collider To Run At 3.5 TeV For Early Part Of 2009-2010 Run, Rising Later Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT CERN 's Large Hadron Collider will initially run at an energy of 3.5 TeV per beam when it starts up in November this year. This news comes after all tests on the machine's high-current electrical connections were completed last week, indicating that no further repairs are necessary for safe running.

Does Facebook Usage Contribute To Jealousy In Relationships? Posted: 07 Aug 2009 05:00 AM PDT The more time college students spend on Facebook, the more likely they are to feel jealous toward their romantic partners, leading to more time on Facebook searching for additional information that will further fuel their jealousy, in an escalating cycle that may become addictive, according to a new study.

Organic Carbon Compounds Emitted By Trees Affect Air Quality Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT A previously unrecognized player in the process by which gases produced by trees and other plants become aerosols -- microscopically small particles in the atmosphere -- has been discovered by researchers.

Key To Strengthening Immune Response To Chronic Infection Found Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT A team of researchers has identified a protein that could serve as a target for reprogramming immune system cells exhausted by exposure to chronic viral infection into more effective "soldiers" against certain viruses like HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B, as well as some cancers, such as melanoma.

Researchers Reveal Ocean Acidification At Station ALOHA In Hawaii Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Despite the global environmental importance of ocean acidification, there are few studies of sufficient duration, accuracy and sampling intensity to document the rate of change of ocean pH and shed light on the factors controlling its variability. Researchers in Hawaii have recently addressed this issue.

Protein Level May Serve As Predictor Of Severe Osteoarthritis Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Osteoarthritis, is the most common joint disorder throughout the world and a leading cause of disability. Unlike most other common diseases, little is known about its origins, and factors predicting a severe disease course have not been identified. A new study, the first to establish a laboratory marker for the risk of severe OA, found that vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, was a strong predictor of hip and knee joint replacement due to severe OA.

NASA Eyes Category 4 Hurricane Felicia And A Stubborn Enrique Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT Felicia is the storm that rules the Eastern Pacific Ocean this week, but Enrique refuses to give up. Felicia is a major hurricane with sustained winds near 140 mph, and Enrique is still hanging onto tropical storm status with 50 mph sustained winds. Both cyclones are close to each other and NASA satellites captured them together.

Looking At Language: Eye Movements Of Parkinson’s Disease Patients During Sentence Comprehension Support Subcortical Role In Processing Syntax Posted: 07 Aug 2009 02:00 AM PDT The study of the neural basis of language has largely focused on regions in the cortex -- the outer brain layers thought by many researchers to have expanded during human evolution. New research adds to evidence that deeper, subcortical regions are also critical by pinpointing when Parkinson's disease patients have difficulty while processing grammatically complex sentences.

More Accurate Weather Forecasts Coming Soon Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT More accurate global weather forecasts and a better understanding of climate change are in the works. Scientists developed a high performance electronic device -- known as a dual polarized Frequency Selective Surface filter -- that is to be used in future European Space Agency (ESA) missions. The data measures temperature, humidity profiles, and gas composition, which are in turn entered into operational systems and used to forecast weather and pollution.

Study Links Selection For Pathogen-resistance With Increased Risk For Inflammatory Disease Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT New research reveals that a simple laboratory assay detects a genetic variation in host response to bacterial infection that is associated with an increased susceptibility for inflammatory disease. The study also provides fascinating insight into the link between evolution and the ability to ward off pathogens.

New Seedless Tangerine-Like Citrus Plant Developed Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Citrus researchers have developed a new mandarin (or tangerine) for commercial production. Named "DaisySL" for Daisy seedless, the new fruit is finely textured and juicy, with a rich, sweet and distinctive flavor when mature. Its rind is smooth and thin, and bears a deep orange color. In September 2009 "DaisySL" will be released for propagation by California citrus nurseries that have purchased licenses to propagate and sell the variety in the state.

Higher Muscle Density Reduced Risk Of Hospitalization In The Elderly Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Older adults who have less strength, poor physical function and low muscle density are at higher risk of being hospitalized compared to adults with more strength and better function.

Typhoon Morakot's Cloud Top Extent Doubled In Size In 1 Day Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Satellite imagery over the last two days has shown Typhoon Morakot to be a monster, and over the last two days, NASA satellites have confirmed the typhoon doubled its size!

Depression And Inflammation Linked To Pain In Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Posted: 06 Aug 2009 11:00 PM PDT Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. More than 1.3 million adults in the US suffer from RA with 75 percent of those afflicted being women.

Fossil Tooth Remains Of Extinct Rodent Species Discovered: Oldest Find Within This Genus Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have discovered an extinct rodent species, based on fossil tooth remains found in Alborache, Valencia. Eomyops noeliae, from the Eomyidae family, represents the oldest find within this genus in the world.

High Cholesterol In Midlife Raises Risk Of Late-life Dementia, Study Finds Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Elevated cholesterol levels in midlife -- even levels considered only borderline elevated -- significantly increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia later in life, according to a new study by researchers in Finland.

Marine Pest Species Costing Billions In Damage To Fisheries, Coastal Communities And Infrastructure Are Spreading Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Marine pest species costing billions in damage to fisheries, coastal communities and infrastructure are spreading as the world's shipping nations continue to largely neglect bringing into effect an international treaty setting out requirements for consistent handling and treatment of ships' ballast water, according to new report.

New Insight Into Human Ciliopathy Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Medical researchers have identified the molecular basis of the lethal developmental disorder, hydrolethalus syndrome, and reveal that hydrolethalus syndrome actually belongs to the emerging class of human ciliopathy diseases.

Sustainable Agriculture: Perennial Plants Produce More; Landscape Diversity Creates Habitat For Pest Enemies Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Advances in ecology increasingly reveal that conventional agricultural practices have detrimental effects on the landscape ecology, creating problems for long-term sustainability of crops. Ecologists are exploring how our agricultural practices can take lessons from natural environments.

Older Adults Subjected To Abuse Or Self-neglect At Greater Risk Of Mortality Posted: 06 Aug 2009 08:00 PM PDT Older adults who are subjected to abuse or self-neglect face a greater risk of premature death than other seniors, according to a study published in the Aug. 5 issue of JAMA.

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