ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Spitzer Telescope observes baby brown dwarf
• Factors from common human bacteria may trigger multiple sclerosis
• Is global warming unstoppable?
• Ethnic Background May Be Associated With Diabetes Risk
• Rescuing male turkey chicks
• Daycare may double TV time for young children, study finds
• Congo's 'mother lode' of gorillas remains vulnerable
• Medical imaging technique identifies very common condition in women that often goes undiagnosed
• Visual assistance for cosmic blind spots
• Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Can Help Manage Urinary Incontinence In Older Women
• Straightening messy correlations with a quantum comb
• Direct-to-consumer ads associated with higher Medicaid costs
• Supervolcano eruption -- in Sumatra -- deforested India 73,000 years ago
• Vioxx trial data shows early cardiovascular risk
• Cassini sends back images of Saturn's moon Enceladus as winter nears
• Mosquito Screens Found To Be Cheap And Effective In Malaria Prevention
• Switchgrass produces biomass efficiently
• Sedatives, mood-altering drugs related to falls among elderly: UBC study
• New chameleon species discovered in East Africa
• Beta-blockers can have helpful, or harmful, effect on heart
• Flax and yellow flowers can produce bioethanol
• Insecticide-treated Bed Nets Reduce Infant Deaths In Democratic Republic Of Congo, Study Finds
• Insect resistance to Bt crops can be predicted, monitored and managed
• Climate change could boost incidence of civil war in Africa
• Gene mismatch influences success of bone marrow transplants
• International expedition investigates climate change, alternative fuels in Arctic
• Climate variability and dengue incidence
• New method to measure snow, vegetation moisture with GPS may benefit farmers, meteorologists
• Alcohol in pregnancy linked to child behavior problems
• Spiral galaxies: Exploring the baffling boxy bulge
• New research shows versatility of amniotic fluid stem cells
• Two circulating beams bring first collisions in Large Hadron Collider
• Paradoxical Protein Might Prevent Cancer
• Predicting the fate of underground carbon
• Burned out, depressed surgeons more likely to commit more major medical errors
• Extensive valley network on Mars adds to evidence for ancient Martian ocean
• Exposure to lead, tobacco smoke raises risk of ADHD

Spitzer Telescope observes baby brown dwarf Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has contributed to the discovery of the youngest brown dwarf ever observed -- a finding that, if confirmed, may solve an astronomical mystery about how these cosmic misfits are formed.

Factors from common human bacteria may trigger multiple sclerosis Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST New research suggests that a common oral bacterium may exacerbate autoimmune disease. Multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease where the immune system attacks the brain and spinal cord, affects nearly 1 in 700 people in the United States. Patients with multiple sclerosis have a variety of neurological symptoms, including muscle weakness, difficulty in moving, and difficulty in speech.

Is global warming unstoppable? Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST In a provocative new study, a scientist argues that rising carbon dioxide emissions -- the major cause of global warming -- cannot be stabilized unless the world's economy collapses or society builds the equivalent of one new nuclear power plant each day.

Ethnic Background May Be Associated With Diabetes Risk Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST Fat and muscle mass, as potentially determined by a person's ethnic background, may contribute to diabetes risk, according to a new study.

Rescuing male turkey chicks Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST A novel approach to classify the gender of six-week-old turkey poults could save millions of male chicks from being killed shortly after birth, according to researchers. Their use of infrared spectroscopy to determine the gender of young birds shows that it is a fast and accurate method.

Daycare may double TV time for young children, study finds Posted: 24 Nov 2009 08:00 AM PST In a new study, the amount of television viewed by many young children in child care settings doubles the previous estimates of early childhood screen time, with those in home-based settings watching significantly more on average than those in center-based daycares.

Congo's 'mother lode' of gorillas remains vulnerable Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST A new study by the Wildlife Conservation Society says that western lowland gorillas living in a large swamp in the Republic of Congo -- part of the "mother lode" of more than 125,000 gorillas discovered last year -- are becoming increasingly threatened by growing humans activity in the region.

Medical imaging technique identifies very common condition in women that often goes undiagnosed Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST In women with lower urinary tract symptoms, a medical imaging technique called dynamic MRI allows clinicians to diagnose pelvic organ prolapse -- a condition that often goes undiagnosed on static MRI and at physical examination, according to a new study.

Visual assistance for cosmic blind spots Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST Information field theory enables astronomers, medical practitioners and geologists to look into places where their measuring instruments are blind.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Can Help Manage Urinary Incontinence In Older Women Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST Researchers have found that a program of pelvic floor muscle exercises, combined with pelvic health education, can be an effective way to manage urinary incontinence in elderly women.

Straightening messy correlations with a quantum comb Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST Scientists have shown how to delicately comb out a snarl of entanglements among many qubits while keeping the information intact.

Direct-to-consumer ads associated with higher Medicaid costs Posted: 24 Nov 2009 05:00 AM PST Direct-to-consumer advertising for a commonly prescribed antiplatelet drug does not appear associated with increased use, but may be associated with increased drug costs and Medicaid pharmacy expenditures, according to a new report.

Supervolcano eruption -- in Sumatra -- deforested India 73,000 years ago Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST A new study provides "incontrovertible evidence" that the volcanic super-eruption of Toba on the island of Sumatra about 73,000 years ago deforested much of central India, some 3,000 miles from the epicenter, researchers report.

Vioxx trial data shows early cardiovascular risk Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST Evidence of cardiovascular risks associated with taking Vioxx, the popular, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (rofecoxib), could have been identified nearly four years before its manufacturer, Merck & Co. Inc., voluntarily pulled the drug from the market.

Cassini sends back images of Saturn's moon Enceladus as winter nears Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST NASA's Cassini spacecraft has sailed seamlessly through the Nov. 21 flyby of Saturn's moon Enceladus and started transmitting uncalibrated temperature data and images of the rippling terrain. These data and images will be processed and analyzed in the coming weeks. They will help scientists create the most-detailed-yet mosaic image of the southern part of the moon's Saturn-facing hemisphere and a contiguous thermal map of one of the intriguing "tiger stripe" features, with the highest resolution to date.

Mosquito Screens Found To Be Cheap And Effective In Malaria Prevention Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST Trials of a screen-based malaria prevention programme in 500 homes in The Gambia, Africa, have led to a 50 per cent reduction in malaria transmission and anaemia in children. A child dies from malaria in Africa every 30 seconds and infection can lead to an increased risk of anaemia, which can also prove fatal. Yet to date, screens have often been ignored in favour of using drugs and insecticides.

Switchgrass produces biomass efficiently Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST A new study concluded that 50 million US acres of cropland, idle cropland, and cropland pasture could be converted from current uses to the production of perennial grasses, such as switchgrass, from which biomass could be harvested for use as a biofuel feedstock. Economically viable production of a perennial grass monoculture from which substantial quantities of biomass are removed annually is expected to require nitrogen fertilizer.

Sedatives, mood-altering drugs related to falls among elderly: UBC study Posted: 24 Nov 2009 02:00 AM PST Falls among elderly people are significantly associated with several classes of drugs, including sedatives often prescribed as sleep aids and medications used to treat mood disorders, according to a new study.

New chameleon species discovered in East Africa Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST A new species of chameleon has been discovered in a threatened forest in Tanzania. Researchers first spotted the animal while surveying monkeys in the Magombera Forest when they disturbed a twig snake eating one.

Beta-blockers can have helpful, or harmful, effect on heart Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST In a new study, researchers report that a class of heart medications called beta-blockers can have a helpful, or harmful, effect on the heart, depending on their molecular activity.

Flax and yellow flowers can produce bioethanol Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST Surplus biomass from the production of flax sheaves, and generated from Brassica carinata, a yellow-flowered plant related to those which engulf fields in spring, can be used to produce bioethanol.

Insecticide-treated Bed Nets Reduce Infant Deaths In Democratic Republic Of Congo, Study Finds Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST Giving insecticide-treated bed nets to nearly 18,000 mothers at prenatal clinics in the Democratic Republic of Congo prevented an estimated 414 infant deaths from malaria, researchers conclude.

Insect resistance to Bt crops can be predicted, monitored and managed Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST With Bt crop acreage increasing worldwide, incorporating enhanced understanding of observed patterns of field-evolved resistance into future resistance management strategies can help to minimize the drawbacks and maximize the benefits of current and future generations of transgenic crops.

Climate change could boost incidence of civil war in Africa Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 PM PST Using historical data on the relationship between temperature and conflict in Africa, researchers have estimated the effect of rising temperatures due to global warming. They concluded that the incidence of African civil war could increase 55 percent by 2030, resulting in an additional 390,000 battle deaths if future wars are as deadly as recent ones.

Gene mismatch influences success of bone marrow transplants Posted: 23 Nov 2009 08:00 PM PST A commonly inherited gene deletion can increase the likelihood of immune complications following bone marrow transplantation, researchers report. When the gene, called UGT2B17, is missing from the donor's genome but present in the recipient's, transplants have a significantly greater risk of a serious side-effect known as graft-versus-host disease, in which immune cells from the donor attack tissues in the recipient.

International expedition investigates climate change, alternative fuels in Arctic Posted: 23 Nov 2009 08:00 PM PST Biogeochemistry and geology and geophysics scientists have returned from Arctic expedition exploring methane hydrate deposits in the Beaufort Sea and spatial variation of sediment contribution to Arctic climate change.

Climate variability and dengue incidence Posted: 23 Nov 2009 08:00 PM PST New research demonstrates associations between local rainfall and temperature and cases of dengue fever.

New method to measure snow, vegetation moisture with GPS may benefit farmers, meteorologists Posted: 23 Nov 2009 08:00 PM PST Scientists have found a clever way to use traditional GPS satellite signals to measure snow depth as well as soil and vegetation moisture, a technique expected to benefit meteorologists, water resource managers, climate modelers and farmers.

Alcohol in pregnancy linked to child behavior problems Posted: 23 Nov 2009 08:00 PM PST A new study has found evidence that the amount and timing of alcohol consumption in pregnancy affects child behavior in different ways.

Spiral galaxies: Exploring the baffling boxy bulge Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST Just as many people are surprised to find themselves packing on unexplained weight around the middle, astronomers find the evolution of bulges in the centers of spiral galaxies puzzling. A recent NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image of NGC 4710 is part of a survey that astronomers have conducted to learn more about the formation of bulges, which are a substantial component of most spiral galaxies.

New research shows versatility of amniotic fluid stem cells Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST For the first time, scientists have demonstrated that stem cells found in amniotic fluid meet an important test of potential to become specialized cell types, which suggests they may be useful for treating a wider array of diseases and conditions than scientists originally thought.

Two circulating beams bring first collisions in Large Hadron Collider Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST The Large Hadron Collider -- the world's most powerful particle accelerator -- circulated two beams simultaneously for the first time on Nov. 23, allowing the operators to test the synchronization of the beams and giving the experiments their first chance to look for proton-proton collisions.

Paradoxical Protein Might Prevent Cancer Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST One difficulty with fighting cancer cells is that they are similar in many respects to the body's stem cells. By focusing on the differences, researchers have found a new way of tackling colon cancer.

Predicting the fate of underground carbon Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST Scientists have developed a new modeling methodology for determining the capacity and assessing the risks of leakage of potential underground carbon-dioxide reservoirs.

Burned out, depressed surgeons more likely to commit more major medical errors Posted: 23 Nov 2009 05:00 PM PST Surgeons who are burned out or depressed are more likely to say they had recently committed a major error on the job, according to the largest study to date on physician burnout. The new findings suggest that the mental well-being of the surgeon is associated with a higher rate of self-reported medical errors, something that may undermine patient safety more than the fatigue that is often blamed for many of the medical mistakes.

Extensive valley network on Mars adds to evidence for ancient Martian ocean Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 AM PST Scientists have used an innovative computer program to produce a more detailed global map of Mars' valley networks. It shows the networks are much more extensive than had been previously depicted. Regions that are most densely dissected by the valley networks roughly form a belt around the planet, consistent with a past climate scenario that included precipitation and the presence of an ocean covering a large portion of Mars' northern hemisphere.

Exposure to lead, tobacco smoke raises risk of ADHD Posted: 23 Nov 2009 11:00 AM PST Children exposed prenatally to tobacco smoke and during childhood to lead face a particularly high risk for ADHD, according to new research. The study estimates that up to 35 percent of ADHD cases in children between the ages of 8 and 15 could be reduced by eliminating both of these environmental exposures.

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