ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Physicists find way to see through paint, paper, and other opaque materials
• Bone marrow can harbor HIV-infected cells
• Biggest, deepest crater exposes hidden, ancient moon
• New light shed on how retina's hardware is used in color vision
• Synthetic 'sea shells' made from chalk and materials used in disposable coffee cups
• Exposure to letters A or F can affect test performance
• Asexual plant reproduction may seed new approach for agriculture
• Like little golden assassins, 'smart' nanoparticles identify, target and kill cancer cells
• Women who drink moderately appear to gain less weight than nondrinkers
• Dietary supplements discouraged for prostate cancer patients
• Listening in on single cells: Novel sensor array detects single molecules produced by living cells
• Abused children more likely to suffer unexplained abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting
• New method to grow arteries could lead to 'biological bypass' for heart disease
• Obesity as protection against metabolic syndrome, not its cause
• Is That Saturn's Moon Titan or Utah?
• Shoulder function not fully restored after rotator cuff surgery, study finds
• Campylobacter bacteria in cattle manure may survive composting
• Unhealthy foods become less popular with increasing costs
• Drastic musk ox population decline 12,000 years ago due to climate, not humans, study finds
• New heart valve replacement technologies offer hope for high-risk patients
• New ways to disarm deadly South American hemorrhagic fever viruses
• High weight associated with risk of colorectal tumors without microsatellite instability
• Scatterometry: measuring ever-smaller chip production
• Genealogical tourism redefining leisure travel market, professor says
• 'Globetrotting' new worms discovered on Great Barrier Reef and Swedish coast
• Researchers induce a new transmissible prion disease
• A fingerprint for genes: Scientists develop new strategy to play major role in research on human diseases
• Breast cancer screening: MRI sensitive, no added value with mammography, study suggests
• New way forward for nanocomposite nanostructures
• Most teens don’t stop to think about tattoo-removal risks
• Chilean earthquake moved entire city 10 feet west, shifted other parts of South America
• Ocular shingles linked to increased risk of stroke
• Lung cancer patients with optimistic attitudes have longer survival, study finds
• Unselfish molecules may have helped give birth to the genetic material of life
• Anti-depressants bring higher risk of developing cataracts
• 'Microrings' could nix wires for communications in homes, offices
• Genetic cause discovered for rare bleeding disorder
• LED streetlights best buy for cities, researchers report
• Possible early glimpse of autism's impact on older siblings
• Bacterial product isolated in soil from Easter Island rescues learning, memory in Alzheimer's mouse model
• Occupational sunlight exposure reduces kidney cancer risk in men, study suggests
• Alternative Energy Crops in Space
• New treatments and good skin care helping patients control acne and rosacea
• Breakthrough blueprint for studying differentiation and evolution with new atlas of transcription factor combinations
• Vitamin D lifts mood during cold weather months, researchers say

Physicists find way to see through paint, paper, and other opaque materials Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST New experiments show that it's possible to focus light through opaque materials and detect objects hidden behind them, provided you know enough about the material.

Bone marrow can harbor HIV-infected cells Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST Antiviral drugs have reduced AIDS to more of chronic disease rather than a death sentence, but why is the disease so hard to cure? New research shows that bone marrow, previously thought to be resistant to the virus, can contain latent forms of the infection. Targeting these reservoirs of latent cells may open the door to new treatments.

Biggest, deepest crater exposes hidden, ancient moon Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST Shortly after the Moon formed, an asteroid smacked into its southern hemisphere and gouged out a truly enormous crater, the South Pole-Aitken basin, almost 1,500 miles across and more than five miles deep.

New light shed on how retina's hardware is used in color vision Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST Biologists have identified, in greater detail, how the retina's cellular hardware is used in color preference. The findings enhance our understanding of how eyes and the brain process color.

Synthetic 'sea shells' made from chalk and materials used in disposable coffee cups Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST Scientists have made synthetic 'sea shells' from a mixture of chalk and polystyrene cups -- and produced a tough new material that could make our homes and offices more durable.

Exposure to letters A or F can affect test performance Posted: 09 Mar 2010 08:00 AM PST Seeing the letter A before an exam can improve a student's exam result while exposure to the letter F may make a student more likely to fail, according to a new study.

Asexual plant reproduction may seed new approach for agriculture Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST A scientist has moved a step closer to turning sexually-reproducing plants into asexual reproducers, a finding that could have profound implications for agriculture.

Like little golden assassins, 'smart' nanoparticles identify, target and kill cancer cells Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST Another weapon in the arsenal against cancer: nanoparticles that identify, target and kill specific cancer cells while leaving healthy cells alone.

Women who drink moderately appear to gain less weight than nondrinkers Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST Normal-weight women who drink a light to moderate amount of alcohol appear to gain less weight and have a lower risk of becoming overweight and obese than nondrinkers, according to a new article.

Dietary supplements discouraged for prostate cancer patients Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST Prostate-specific dietary supplements should not be taken during radiation therapy treatments because they have been shown to increase the radiosensitivity of normal prostate cell lines, leading to normal tissue complications, according to a new study.

Listening in on single cells: Novel sensor array detects single molecules produced by living cells Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST Chemical engineers have built a sensor array that, for the first time, can detect single molecules of hydrogen peroxide emanating from a single living cell.

Abused children more likely to suffer unexplained abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting Posted: 09 Mar 2010 05:00 AM PST Children who have been abused psychologically, physically or sexually are more likely to suffer unexplained abdominal pain and nausea or vomiting than children who have not been abused, a new study concludes.

New method to grow arteries could lead to 'biological bypass' for heart disease Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST A new method of growing arteries could lead to a "biological bypass" -- or a noninvasive way to treat coronary artery disease.

Obesity as protection against metabolic syndrome, not its cause Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST The collection of symptoms that is the metabolic syndrome -- insulin resistance, high cholesterol, fatty liver, and a greater risk for diabetes, heart disease, and stroke -- are all related to obesity, but, according to a new review not in the way you probably think they are.

Is That Saturn's Moon Titan or Utah? Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST Planetary scientists have been puzzling for years over the honeycomb patterns and flat valleys with squiggly edges evident in radar images of Saturn's moon Titan. Now, working with a "volunteer researcher" who has put his own spin on data from NASA's Cassini spacecraft, they have found some recognizable analogies to a type of spectacular terrain on Earth known as karst topography.

Shoulder function not fully restored after rotator cuff surgery, study finds Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST Shoulder motion after rotator cuff surgery remains significantly different when compared to the patient's opposite shoulder, according to researchers. In the study, researchers used X-rays providing a 3D view of motion of the arm bone in relation to the shoulder blade, to compared motion in the shoulders of 14 patients who had arthroscopic surgical repair of tendon tears and no symptoms in their other shoulders.

Campylobacter bacteria in cattle manure may survive composting Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST Contrary to popular belief, some disease causing bacteria may actually survive the composting process. Researchers report that campylobacter bacteria in cattle manure can survive composting and persist for long periods in the final product.

Unhealthy foods become less popular with increasing costs Posted: 09 Mar 2010 02:00 AM PST Adults tend to eat less pizza and drink less soda as the price of these items increases, and their body weight and overall calorie intake also appear to decrease, according to a new study.

Drastic musk ox population decline 12,000 years ago due to climate, not humans, study finds Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST Scientists have discovered that the drastic decline in Arctic musk ox populations that began roughly 12,000 years ago was due to a warming climate rather than to human hunting. The research is the first study to use ancient musk ox DNA collected from across the animal's former geographic range to test for human impacts on musk ox populations.

New heart valve replacement technologies offer hope for high-risk patients Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST A significant number of people with heart disease will benefit from less invasive transcatheter heart valve replacements in future, finds a review of updated practices.

New ways to disarm deadly South American hemorrhagic fever viruses Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST Researchers have discovered how one New World hemorrhagic fever virus latches onto and infects human cells, offering a much-needed lead toward new treatments.

High weight associated with risk of colorectal tumors without microsatellite instability Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST The increased risk of colorectal cancer associated with obesity may be largely restricted to tumors that have no or low microsatellite instability, a common condition in most colorectal cancers, according to a new study.

Scatterometry: measuring ever-smaller chip production Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST As computer chips rapidly continue to evolve, new technologies must be developed to closely monitor the fabrication process and guard against faults at a sub-microscopic level.

Genealogical tourism redefining leisure travel market, professor says Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 PM PST For the work-weary, the word "vacation" may conjure images of leisurely, carefree days at the beach sipping umbrella drinks. But according an expert in tourism and recreation, genealogical tourism is one of the fastest growing markets in vacation travel because it represents a conscious shift away from relaxation and into the realm of personal enrichment and fulfillment.

'Globetrotting' new worms discovered on Great Barrier Reef and Swedish coast Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Between the grains of sand on the sea floor there is an unknown and unexplored world. Scientists have just found new animal species on the Great Barrier Reef, in New Caledonia, and in the sea off the Gullmarsfjord in the Swedish county of Bohuslan.

Researchers induce a new transmissible prion disease Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Researchers have conducted a study on prion disease and found that transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) can be induced without an outside catalyst like a virus.

A fingerprint for genes: Scientists develop new strategy to play major role in research on human diseases Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Scientists in Germany have applied a new strategy to identify and characterize genes involved in endocytosis. From their findings the scientists also hope to derive significant information about how infections could be prevented and diseases treated in future.

Breast cancer screening: MRI sensitive, no added value with mammography, study suggests Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Do we need a revision of current recommendations for breast cancer screening? According to a recent study, this appears advisable at least for young women carrying an increased risk of breast cancer. The results of the EVA trial confirm once more that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is substantially more accurate for early diagnosis of breast cancer than digital mammography or breast ultrasound: MRI is three times more sensitive for breast cancer than digital mammography.

New way forward for nanocomposite nanostructures Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Scientists recently reported a new technique for directly writing composites of nanoparticles and polymers. Recent years have seen significant advances in the properties achieved by both these materials, and so researchers have begun to blend these materials into nanocomposites that access the properties of both materials.

Most teens don’t stop to think about tattoo-removal risks Posted: 08 Mar 2010 08:00 PM PST Many adolescents think about getting tattoos, but less than half know what's involved in having them removed, according to an Italian study.

Chilean earthquake moved entire city 10 feet west, shifted other parts of South America Posted: 08 Mar 2010 05:00 PM PST The massive magnitude 8.8 earthquake that struck the west coast of Chile last month moved the entire city of Concepcion at least 10 feet to the west, and shifted other parts of South America as far apart as the Falkland Islands and Fortaleza, Brazil. These preliminary measurements, done by researchers including geophysicists on the ground in Chile, paint a much clearer picture of the power behind this temblor, believed to be the fifth-most-powerful since instruments have been available to measure seismic shifts.

Ocular shingles linked to increased risk of stroke Posted: 08 Mar 2010 05:00 PM PST Having a shingles infection that affects the eyes may increase the risk of stroke, according to new research.

Lung cancer patients with optimistic attitudes have longer survival, study finds Posted: 08 Mar 2010 05:00 PM PST A new study explores the importance of a patient's outlook as it relates to health behavior and health status. Researchers focused on lung cancer patients and discovered that those who exhibited an optimistic disposition experienced more favorable outcomes than those with a pessimistic disposition.

Unselfish molecules may have helped give birth to the genetic material of life Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST One of the biggest questions facing scientists today is how life began. Scientists have discovered that small molecules could have acted as "molecular midwives" in helping the building blocks of life's genetic material form long chains and may have assisted in selecting the base pairs of the DNA double helix.

Anti-depressants bring higher risk of developing cataracts Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST Some anti-depressant drugs are associated with an increased chance of developing cataracts, according to a new statistical study.

'Microrings' could nix wires for communications in homes, offices Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST Researchers have developed a miniature device capable of converting ultrafast laser pulses into bursts of radio-frequency signals, a step toward making wires obsolete for communications in the homes and offices of the future.

Genetic cause discovered for rare bleeding disorder Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST Hematologists have discovered the genetic cause of Quebec platelet disorder. They have gone on to develop a genetic test for the condition -- a major advance in diagnosing this serious and unusual bleeding problem.

LED streetlights best buy for cities, researchers report Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST Researchers have conducted the first cradle-to-grave assessment of light-emitting diode streetlights and determined that the increasingly popular lamps strike the best balance between brightness, affordability, and energy and environmental conservation when their life span -- from production to disposal -- is considered. LEDs consist of clusters of tiny, high-intensity bulbs and are extolled for their power efficiency and clear luminosity.

Possible early glimpse of autism's impact on older siblings Posted: 08 Mar 2010 02:00 PM PST A new study suggests a trend toward developing hyperactivity among typically developing elementary-school-aged siblings of autistic preschoolers and supports the notion that mothers of young, autistic children experience more depression and stress than mothers with typically developing children.

Bacterial product isolated in soil from Easter Island rescues learning, memory in Alzheimer's mouse model Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST A new study offers the first evidence that the drug rapamycin -- a bacterial product first isolated in soil from Easter Island -- is able to reverse Alzheimer's disease-like deficits in an animal model.

Occupational sunlight exposure reduces kidney cancer risk in men, study suggests Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST Study says men employed in occupations with potential exposure to high levels of sunlight have a reduced risk of kidney cancer compared with men who were less likely to be exposed to sunlight at work.

Alternative Energy Crops in Space Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST What if space held the key to producing alternative energy crops on Earth? That's what researchers are hoping to find in a new experiment on the International Space Station.

New treatments and good skin care helping patients control acne and rosacea Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST Acne and rosacea are two seemingly different skin conditions that have one important thing in common: both are chronic and extremely common skin conditions. However, dermatologists recommend that with proper diagnosis, treatment and a healthy dose of good, old-fashioned skin care, acne and rosacea can be less of a nuisance for patients.

Breakthrough blueprint for studying differentiation and evolution with new atlas of transcription factor combinations Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST In a significant leap forward in the understanding of how specific types of tissue are determined to develop in mammals, an international team of scientists has succeeded in mapping the entire network of DNA-binding transcription factors and their interactions. This global network indicates which factors can combine to determine cell fate.

Vitamin D lifts mood during cold weather months, researchers say Posted: 08 Mar 2010 11:00 AM PST A daily dose of vitamin D may just be what people in northern climates need to get through the long winter, according to researchers. This nutrient lifts mood during cold weather months when days are short and more time is spent indoors.

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