ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Stellar Explosion Displays Massive Carbon Footprint
• Benefit Of Aspirin For Healthy People Is Uncertain
• Faster Protein Folding Achieved Through Nanosecond Pressure Jump
• Genetic Profiling Reveals Genes Active In The Earliest Brain Circuit Construction
• Teaching Computers To Recognize Objects
• Young Children's Exposure To Audible Television Has Implications For Language Acquisition And Brain Development
• Silver Nanoparticles Show 'Immense Potential' In Prevention Of Blood Clots
• Liver Disease 'Shrunk' By Blood-pressure Drug
• Long-distance Brain Waves Focus Attention
• Moderate Alcohol Intake Reduces Gallstone Risk, Study Finds
• Slicing Chromosomes Leads To New Insights Into Cell Division
• Longer High-stakes Tests May Result In Sense Of Mental Fatigue, But Not In Lower Test Scores
• Zap! Wrinkles And Sun Spots Be Gone
• Enhancing The Effects Of Platinum-based Anti-cancer Drugs
• Height Of Large Waves Changes According To Month
• Continuous Glucose Monitoring Technology: Promising New Tool For Maintaining Optimal Glucose Control
• Improving The Catalytic Converters Of Motor Vehicles
• Changing Residences Associated With Increased Risk Of Suicidal Behavior Among Children
• Mosquito Evolution Spells Trouble For Galapagos Wildlife
• Omega Fatty Acid Balance Can Alter Immunity And Gene Expression
• Einstein’s General Theory Of Relativity: Celebrating The 20th Century's Most Important Experiment
• Small Molecule Inhibitor Shows Promise In Trastuzumab-resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer
• New Era Of Sports: 'Instrumenting' Athletes And Equipment
• Individuals Genetically At Risk Of Developing Psychological Disorders Also Benefit The Most From Positive Environments
• Temporary Infidelity May Contribute To Stability Of Ancient Relationships
• Intestinal Inflammation Linked To Systemic Chromosome Damage
• Try Thai Or Rosemary When Spicing The Meat To Curb Carcinogens
• Predicting Higher Risk For Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
• Massive Online 'Macroscopic Observatory' Of Earth's Biodiversity To Be Created
• When Adult Patients Have Anxiety Disorder, Their Children Need Help Too
• High Arctic Mammals Wintered In Darkness 53 Million Years Ago
• Adult Bone Marrow Stem Cells Injected Into Skeletal Muscle Can Repair Heart Tissue
• Minor League Hockey Players Unable To Identify Concussion Symptoms, Study Says
• Model For New Generation Of Blood Vessels Challenged
• How To Maximize Benefits Of High Altitude Training
• Exact Replication Of Facial Expressions Challenge Assumptions About Human Behavior
• Wiping Out The World's Mass Migrations: First Analysis Of The Effect Of Habit Changes On Migrating Grazers
• Vaccine Shows Therapeutic Promise Against Advanced Melanoma
• New 'Microcapsules' Put More Medication Into The Bloodstream To Treat Disease
• Common Migraine Pain Condition Also Prevalent In Cluster Headache
• Avalanches Of Electrons May Give Thundercloud Insights
• Hearing, Voice Problems Worsen Seniors' Communication Skills
• Meteoroid Bombardment May Have Made Earth More Habitable, Says Study
• Scientists Devise Accelerated Method To Determine Infectious Prion Strains
• Light-treatment Device To Improve Sleep Quality In The Elderly
• New Mouse Model Of Depression, Anxiety Enhances Understanding Of Antidepressant Drugs
• The Coming Of Biofuels: Study Shows Reducing Gasoline Emissions Will Benefit Human Health
• Parents' Influence On Children's Eating Habits Is Small, Study Finds

Stellar Explosion Displays Massive Carbon Footprint Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT While humans are still struggling to get rid of unwanted carbon it appears that the heavens are really rather good at it. New research by astrophysicists has discovered that a mystery stellar explosion recorded in 2006 may have marked the unusual death of an equally unusually carbon-rich star.

Benefit Of Aspirin For Healthy People Is Uncertain Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT A new study has shown that, while taking aspirin is beneficial in preventing heart attacks and strokes among people with established cardiovascular disease (secondary prevention), its benefits don't clearly outweigh the risks in healthy people (primary prevention).

Faster Protein Folding Achieved Through Nanosecond Pressure Jump Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT A chemist says that prodding proteins to fold by suddenly removing high pressure (a technique also known as "pressure jumping") through electrical bursting makes for a "kindlier, gentler way" of inducing proteins to fold.

Genetic Profiling Reveals Genes Active In The Earliest Brain Circuit Construction Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT Long before the brain's neurons can facilitate life's big decisions, they have to find their own destiny in the rapidly developing embryo. In the lingo of neurobiologists, they are "fated" very early on to become certain types of cells, over time traveling to and organizing the various structures that compose the brain. These earliest developments are difficult to observe, like the first few moments in the life of the universe following the Big Bang. But by adapting new tools of genetic profiling, researchers have peered into the brain as it's born and teased out genes that shape its aboriginal fate.

Teaching Computers To Recognize Objects Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT Recognizing objects and groups of objects is something we humans take for granted. For computers, this is far from straightforward. A European project has come up with novel solutions to this conundrum.

Young Children's Exposure To Audible Television Has Implications For Language Acquisition And Brain Development Posted: 02 Jun 2009 08:00 AM PDT In a new study, young children and their adult caregivers uttered fewer vocalizations, used fewer words and engaged in fewer conversations when in the presence of audible television.

Silver Nanoparticles Show 'Immense Potential' In Prevention Of Blood Clots Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT Scientists are reporting discovery of a potential new alternative to aspirin, ReoPro, and other anti-platelet agents used widely to prevent blood clots in coronary artery disease, heart attack and stroke. Their study involves particles of silver -- 1/50,000th the diameter of a human hair -- that are injected into the bloodstream.

Liver Disease 'Shrunk' By Blood-pressure Drug Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT Researchers have shown that a blood-pressure medicine has reversed the effects of early-stage liver failure in some patients.

Long-distance Brain Waves Focus Attention Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT Just as our world buzzes with distractions -- from phone calls to e-mails to tweets -- the neurons in our brain are bombarded with messages. Research has shown that when we pay attention, some of these neurons begin firing in unison, like a chorus rising above the noise. Now, a study reveals the likely brain center that serves as the conductor of this neural chorus.

Moderate Alcohol Intake Reduces Gallstone Risk, Study Finds Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT Health researchers in the United Kingdom have found that drinking two units of alcohol per day reduces the risk of developing gallstones by a third.

Slicing Chromosomes Leads To New Insights Into Cell Division Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT By using ultrafast laser pulses to slice off pieces of chromosomes and observe how the chromosomes behave, biomedical engineers have gained pivotal insights into mitosis, the process of cell division.

Longer High-stakes Tests May Result In Sense Of Mental Fatigue, But Not In Lower Test Scores Posted: 02 Jun 2009 05:00 AM PDT Spending hours taking a high-pressure aptitude test may make people feel mentally fatigued, but that fatigue doesn't necessarily lead to lower test scores, according to new research. If anything, performance might actually improve on a longer test, the study found.

Zap! Wrinkles And Sun Spots Be Gone Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT When she looked in the mirror, 48 year-old Margaret Miglia didn't like what she saw. To combat the fine lines and brown spots that began to appear on her face with age, she sought help and received a new, non-surgical skin resurfacing treatment using a fractionated carbon dioxide laser.

Enhancing The Effects Of Platinum-based Anti-cancer Drugs Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have now identified a way to enhance the in vitro anticancer effects of the commonly used platinum-based drug cisplatin and hope that it might be possible to translate these data into the development of a clinical strategy to enhance the anti-cancer effects of platinum-based drugs.

Height Of Large Waves Changes According To Month Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have developed a statistical model that makes it possible to study the variability of extreme waves throughout the year. Their study shows that there are seasonal variations in the height of waves reaching Spain's coasts, and stresses the importance of this data in planning and constructing marine infrastructures.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Technology: Promising New Tool For Maintaining Optimal Glucose Control Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT Continuous glucose monitoring devices represent a critical step toward achieving automated glucose measurement, offering people with diabetes a promising new tool for maintaining optimal glucose control. A comprehensive review of this rapidly changing field, featuring the most recent research findings and critical analysis, is the focus of a special supplement of the journal Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.

Improving The Catalytic Converters Of Motor Vehicles Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT The chemical mechanism that occurs on the surface of an automotive catalytic converter has been deciphered thanks to an observation speed record. This performance has made it possible to characterize this key step in the reaction that ensures pollutant removal by automotive converters. The challenge is indeed considerable: to obtain a clearer understanding of the mechanisms of removal catalysts in order to improve converters and other catalysts used by the automotive industry.

Changing Residences Associated With Increased Risk Of Suicidal Behavior Among Children Posted: 02 Jun 2009 02:00 AM PDT Danish children who move frequently appear to have an increased risk of attempted or completed suicide between ages 11 and 17, according to a new report.

Mosquito Evolution Spells Trouble For Galapagos Wildlife Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT The Galapagos giant tortoise and other iconic wildlife are facing a new threat from disease, as some of the islands' mosquitoes develop a taste for reptile blood.

Omega Fatty Acid Balance Can Alter Immunity And Gene Expression Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT Using a controlled diet study with human volunteers, researchers may have teased out a biological basis for the increased inflammation observed due to humans' shift in their consumption of omega fatty acids.

Einstein’s General Theory Of Relativity: Celebrating The 20th Century's Most Important Experiment Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT In 1919, the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) launched an expedition to the West African island of Príncipe, to observe a total solar eclipse and prove or disprove Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. Now, in a new RAS-funded expedition for the International Year of Astronomy (IYA 2009), scientists are back. Astronomers Professor Pedro Ferreira from the University of Oxford and Dr Richard Massey from the University of Edinburgh, along with Oxford anthropologist Dr Gisa Weszkalnys, are paying homage to the original expedition led by Sir Arthur Eddington and celebrating the 90th anniversary of one of the key discoveries of the 20th century.

Small Molecule Inhibitor Shows Promise In Trastuzumab-resistant Metastatic Breast Cancer Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT Researchers report that a combination of trastuzumab and neratinib a novel small molecule inhibitor of the HER2 receptor appears active in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on previous trastuzumab based therapies. More than one-quarter of the women in a phase I/II trial had their tumors shrink on the combination therapy.

New Era Of Sports: 'Instrumenting' Athletes And Equipment Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT Instrumentation embedded in equipments and worn by athletes can optimize training and allow sporting competitions to enter a new phase of objective scoring. The latest issue of Sports Technology published features a collection of articles dedicated to the instrumentation of athletes and equipment during competitions.

Individuals Genetically At Risk Of Developing Psychological Disorders Also Benefit The Most From Positive Environments Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 PM PDT A new interpretation reframes the nature-nurture debate, showing that individuals who are genetically at risk of developing psychological disorders are more affected -- for better and for worse -- by positive and negative environmental conditions.

Temporary Infidelity May Contribute To Stability Of Ancient Relationships Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT Partner switching between fungus farming ants and their fungal clones during nest establishment may contribute to the stability of this long-term mutualistic relationship.

Intestinal Inflammation Linked To Systemic Chromosome Damage Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have linked for the first time intestinal inflammation with systemic chromosome damage in mice, a finding that may lead to the early identification and treatment of human inflammatory disorders, some of which increase risk for several types of cancer.

Try Thai Or Rosemary When Spicing The Meat To Curb Carcinogens Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT Warm weather brings on the seasonal meat favorites that are barbecued, grilled, broiled or fried. That also means more potential exposure to carcinogenic compounds known as heterocyclic amines (HCAs). There's a way to reduce the risk significantly by just adding some spices -- rosemary extracts or Thai spices.

Predicting Higher Risk For Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) carries a high predictive value for future diagnosis of prostate cancer. New research has shown that 41.8 percent of patients whose extended core biopsy led to an initial diagnosis of HGPIN were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Massive Online 'Macroscopic Observatory' Of Earth's Biodiversity To Be Created Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT World scientists have announced the agreement to construct a massive, comprehensive virtual observatory of historic importance for the study and monitoring of biodiversity at a planetary level -- an online information system for life on Earth that will take its place alongside the world meteorology data network that pools information to predict the weather. The system will function as well as a high-tech field guide for citizen scientists, who may then contribute biodiversity-related observations to the global database.

When Adult Patients Have Anxiety Disorder, Their Children Need Help Too Posted: 01 Jun 2009 08:00 PM PDT In what is believed to be the first US study designed to prevent anxiety disorders in the children of anxious parents, researchers have found that a family-based program reduced symptoms and the risk of developing an anxiety disorder among these children.

High Arctic Mammals Wintered In Darkness 53 Million Years Ago Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT Ancestors of tapirs and ancient cousins of rhinos living above the Arctic Circle 53 million years ago endured six months of darkness each year in a far milder climate than today that featured lush, swampy forests, according to a new study.

Adult Bone Marrow Stem Cells Injected Into Skeletal Muscle Can Repair Heart Tissue Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers have demonstrated for the first time that injecting adult bone marrow stem cells into skeletal muscle can repair cardiac tissue, reversing heart failure.

Minor League Hockey Players Unable To Identify Concussion Symptoms, Study Says Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT When Chicago Blackhawk's leading scorer Martin Havlat returned to the ice for game four of the Western Conference Final after sustaining a concussion only two days earlier, questions were raised surrounding his swift return. According to a new study, similar questions were raised by 25 percent of minor league hockey players who did not know if an athlete with symptoms of a concussion should continue to play hockey.

Model For New Generation Of Blood Vessels Challenged Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT In-growth and new generation of blood vessels, which must take place if a wound is to heal or a tumor is to grow, have been thought to occur through a branching and further growth of a vessel against a chemical gradient of growth factors. Now Swedish researchers have shown that mechanical forces are considerably more important than was previously thought. The findings open up a new field for developing treatments.

How To Maximize Benefits Of High Altitude Training Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT An athletes' elevated or heavier breathing at sea level immediately following high-altitude training accounts for a substantial amount of the gains from the high-altitude training, according to a new study. The heavy breathing is temporary, however, and researchers make a case for why athletes should consider giving themselves one week to 10 days at sea level before a major competition.

Exact Replication Of Facial Expressions Challenge Assumptions About Human Behavior Posted: 01 Jun 2009 05:00 PM PDT Computer scientists have developed a new way of "cloning" facial expressions during live conversations to help us better understand what influences our behavior when we communicate with others.

Wiping Out The World's Mass Migrations: First Analysis Of The Effect Of Habit Changes On Migrating Grazers Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT Mass migrations of herbivores like pronghorn, zebra, and wildebeest are in a world-wide decline because of human changes to the landscape.

Vaccine Shows Therapeutic Promise Against Advanced Melanoma Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT A vaccine for one of the most lethal cancers, advanced melanoma, has shown improved response rates and progression-free survival for patients when combined with the immunotherapy drug, Interleukin-2, according to researchers.

New 'Microcapsules' Put More Medication Into The Bloodstream To Treat Disease Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists are reporting a potential solution to a problem that limits the human body's ability to absorb and use medications for heart disease, Type-2 diabetes, cancer and other conditions. It is a "nano-hybrid microcapsule" that enables the stomach to absorb more of these so-called "poorly-soluble" medicines.

Common Migraine Pain Condition Also Prevalent In Cluster Headache Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT A pain condition common in people with migraines also has a high prevalence in patients with cluster headache, according to a new study.

Avalanches Of Electrons May Give Thundercloud Insights Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT Understanding thundercloud electrification and lightning initiation is challenging because the ranges of electric potential and spatial extents of electric fields inside thunderclouds are not known. Directly measuring electric fields in thunderclouds is challenging--active regions of storms can cover many cubic kilometers with violent weather conditions, making it difficult to operate balloons and aircraft.

Hearing, Voice Problems Worsen Seniors' Communication Skills Posted: 01 Jun 2009 02:00 PM PDT Hearing and vocal problems go hand-in-hand among the elderly more frequently than previously thought, according to researchers. Together, they pack a devastating double punch on communication skills and overall well-being.

Meteoroid Bombardment May Have Made Earth More Habitable, Says Study Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT Large bombardments of meteoroids approximately four billion years ago could have helped to make the early Earth and Mars more habitable for life by modifying their atmospheres, suggests a new article.

Scientists Devise Accelerated Method To Determine Infectious Prion Strains Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT Current tests to identify specific strains of infectious prions, which cause a range of transmissible diseases (such as mad cow) in animals and humans, can take anywhere from six months to a year to yield results -- a time-lag that may put human populations at risk.

Light-treatment Device To Improve Sleep Quality In The Elderly Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT Sleep disturbances increase as we age. Some studies report more than half of seniors 65 years of age or older suffer from chronic sleep disturbances. Researchers have long believed that the sleep disturbances common among the elderly often result from a disruption of the body's circadian rhythms. Now, a newly developed goggle-like device designed to deliver blue light directly to the eyes may improve sleep quality in older adults.

New Mouse Model Of Depression, Anxiety Enhances Understanding Of Antidepressant Drugs Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT A recent study finds that the antidepressant effects of drugs like Prozac involve both neurogenesis-dependent and -independent mechanisms, a finding that may lead to development of better treatments for depression and anxiety. The research utilizes a new experimental mouse model of depression/anxiety that is the first to permit simultaneous examination of multiple effects of antidepressant treatment in the same animal.

The Coming Of Biofuels: Study Shows Reducing Gasoline Emissions Will Benefit Human Health Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT A "Life Cycle Impact Assessment" has shown that a biofuel eliminating even 10-percent of current gasoline pollutant emissions would have a substantial impact on human health in this country, especially in urban areas.

Parents' Influence On Children's Eating Habits Is Small, Study Finds Posted: 01 Jun 2009 11:00 AM PDT The popular belief that healthy eating starts at home and that parents' dietary choices help children establish their nutritional beliefs and behaviors may need rethinking, according to a new study. An examination of dietary intakes and patterns among U.S. families found that the resemblance between children's and their parents' eating habits is weak.

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