ScienceDaily: Latest Science News |
| Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Low-oxygen "dead zones" in the ocean could expand significantly over the next century, according to marine chemists. These predictions are based on the fact that, as more and more carbon dioxide dissolves from the atmosphere into the ocean, marine animals will need more oxygen to survive. |
| Alzheimer's Disease: New Small Molecule Approach To Treatment Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have identified a protein known as serum amyloid P component as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease. |
| When Cancer Cells Can't Let Go Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Like a climber scaling a rock face, a migrating cancer cell has to keep a tight grip on the surface but also let go at the right moment to move ahead. Researchers reveal that the focal adhesion kinase coordinates these processes to permit forward movement. |
| Review Identifies Dietary Factors Associated With Heart Disease Risk Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT A review of previously published studies suggests that vegetable and nut intake and a Mediterranean dietary pattern appear to be associated with a lower risk for heart disease, according to a report. However, intake of trans-fatty acids and foods with a high glycemic index may be harmful to heart health. |
| NASA Goddard To Purge Rocket-Bursting Bubbles On Ares-1 Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Of all the things that can bring down a rocket, bubbles seem the most unlikely. They are a threat to rockets that use very cold liquid fuels, like the upper stage of NASA's new Ares 1 rocket, which will carry astronauts to the space station and join up in orbit with spacecraft carried by the larger Ares 5 rocket for missions to the moon and beyond. Bubbles can form when frigid liquid hydrogen and oxygen fuel are pumped into a rocket engine. The problem arises when they pop. |
| Stroke Recovery: Research Reclaims The Power Of Speech Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT A new treatment for a speech disorder that commonly affects those who have suffered a stroke or brain injury has been developed. |
| Alligators Hint At What Life May Have Been Like For Dinosaurs Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT When dinosaurs evolved oxygen levels were much lower than they are now, so how did they cope? Curious to know what effects different oxygen levels would have on a modern dino relative, a team of US based scientists incubated alligator eggs at 12 percent, 21 percent and 30 percent oxygen. They found that the low oxygen conditions dramatically affected the embryo's development suggesting that dinosaurs' growth and metabolic patterns were drastically different from their modern relatives. |
| Autopsy Study Links Prostate Cancer To Single Rogue Cell Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT One cell ... one initial set of genetic changes -- that's all it takes to begin a series of events that lead to metastatic cancer. Now, experts have tracked how the cancer process began in 33 men with prostate cancer who died of the disease. |
| Omega-3 Fatty Acids May Benefit Cancer Patients Undergoing Major Operations Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT New research points to a potentially significant advance in the treatment of patients undergoing major cancer surgery. |
| Marijuana Smoking Increases Risk Of COPD For Tobacco Smokers Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT Smoking both tobacco and marijuana increases the risk of respiratory symptoms and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), found a new study. Smoking only marijuana, however, was not associated with increased risks. |
| Biocompatible Materials For Rapid Prototyping Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT The implantation of integrated biomedical devices to the human body provides challenges to engineering materials science and biology. The demand for metallic and polymeric biomaterials is greatly increasing because of the rapid growth of the world's population, the increasing proportion of older people and the high functional requirements of younger people. |
| Melatonin Is An Effective Treatment For Sleep Problems In Children With Autism, Study Suggests Posted: 18 Apr 2009 08:00 AM PDT Over-the-counter melatonin medication can shorted the length of time it takes for children with autistic spectrum disorder, Fragile X syndrome or both to fall asleep at the beginning of the night, according to new research. |
| Greenhouse Gases Pose Threat To Public Health, EPA Finds Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT After a thorough scientific review ordered in 2007 by the U.S. Supreme Court, the Environmental Protection Agency issued a proposed finding that greenhouse gases contribute to air pollution that may endanger public health or welfare. The proposed finding identified six greenhouse gases that pose a potential threat. |
| Creating Ideal Neural Cells For Clinical Use Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT Investigators have developed a protocol to rapidly differentiate human embryonic stem cells into neural progenitor cells that may be ideal for transplantation. The research outlines a method to create these committed neural precursor cells that is replicable, does not produce mutations in the cells and could be useful for clinical applications. |
| Tectonic Events Behind Earthquake That Killed 595 In Peru Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT Scientists have analyzed data on the earthquake in Pisco, Peru and its impact on regional topography. Using InSAR-based geodetic data and teleseismic data, the scientists were able to use satellite images to identify details of this major plate boundary event. |
| Discovery Of Variations In Resistance To Sulfadoxine Across Africa Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that malaria parasites in east and west Africa carry different resistance mutations, which suggests that the effectiveness of sulfadoxine as an antimalarial drug may vary across Africa. |
| Important Breakthrough Towards Silicon-based All-optical Integrated Circuits Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT The first experimental proof of all-optical ultra-fast communication signal processing with silicon-based devices for transmission speeds above 100Gbit/s has been published. |
| New Way To Analyze Sleep Disorders Posted: 18 Apr 2009 02:00 AM PDT Sleep is such an essential part of human existence that we spend about a third of our lives doing it -- some more successfully than others. Sleep disorders afflict some 50-70 million people in the United States and are a major cause of disease and injury. People who suffer from disturbed sleep have an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, hypertension, obesity, depression, and accidents. Nearly a fifth of all serious car crashes, in fact, are linked to sleeplessness. |
| New Chemical Reaction For DNA Production In Bacteria And Viruses Discovered Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have discovered a new chemical reaction for producing one of the four nucleotides, or building blocks, needed to build DNA. The reaction includes an unusual first step, or mechanism, and unlike other known reactions that produce the DNA building block, uses an enzyme that speeds up, or catalyzes, the reaction without bonding to any of the compounds, or substrates, in the reaction. This findings could help lead to development of new antibacterial and antiviral drugs. |
| New Technique Invented To Reveal Pancreatic Stem Cells Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT Wanted: stems cells. Just like those absconders chased by police all over the world, everybody can tell about their good deeds but none really knows how to recognize them. Now, thanks to new research, we now know how to reveal the stem cells camouflaged in the pancreas. |
| New Laser Technique Advances Nanofabrication Process Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT Chemists have developed a new laser technique called RAPID (Resolution Augmentation through Photo-Induced Deactivation) lithography that creates ever smaller computer chip features without the use of expensive ultraviolet light. |
| New Method For Detection Of Phosphoproteins Reveals Regulator Of Melanoma Invasion Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT Scientists have developed a new approach for surveying phosphorylation, a process that is regulated by critical cell signaling pathways and regulates several key cellular signaling events. The research describes the regulation of a previously uncharacterized protein and demonstrates that it plays an important role in cancer cell invasion. |
| New Insight Into An Old Reaction: Adenylylation Regulates Cell Signaling Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT A new study reveals the importance of adenylylation in the regulation of cell signaling from bacteria to higher organisms. The research provides new insight into bacterial pathogenesis and opens intriguing avenues for exploring post-translational modifications in eukaryotic cells. |
| Exercise Reduces Falls In Older People, Review Suggests Posted: 17 Apr 2009 08:00 PM PDT Exercise programs are an effective option for preventing falls among older people living in the community. There is less evidence at present for the effectiveness of other interventions, such as home safety improvements and vitamin D supplements, according to researchers who carried out a systematic review of the available evidence. |
| Worms Control Lifespan At High Temperatures Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT The common research worm, C. elegans, is able to use heat-sensing nerve cells to not only regulate its response to hotter environments, but also to control the pace of its aging as a result of that heat, according to new research. |
| Novel Mechanisms Might Causally Link Type-2 Diabetes To Alzheimer's Disease Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT A gene associated with onset of type-2 diabetes also decreases in Alzheimer's disease dementia cases, a new study suggests. |
| New Neurons Update Remote Memories Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT It is not easy to find your student bedroom when you left university 10, 20 or 30 years ago. But once you have found it, you can easily return the next day. Indeed, by reactivating this memory, it has been strengthened and updated to provide spatial references. |
| Baby Canine Teeth: No Evidence To Support Extraction Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT The practice of extracting baby canine teeth to make way for adult canines that are erupting in the wrong place has no evidential basis, according to a new study. In a systematic review, the researchers were unable to identify a single high quality study to support the practice. |
| Scientists Synthesize Gold To Shed Light On Cells' Inner Workings Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT Highly fluorescent gold nanoclusters for sub-cellular imaging have been synthesized. Measuring less than 1 nanometer in diameter, the gold clusters are much smaller than currently available nanoscale imaging technologies. |
| Attitudes, Obstacles To Walking And Biking To Work Posted: 17 Apr 2009 05:00 PM PDT Active commuting -- walking or biking to school or work -- can be an easy, effective and efficient way to integrate physical activity into the daily routine, researchers say. |
| Cosmic Heavyweights In Free-for-all Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT The most crowded collision of galaxy clusters has been identified by combining information from three different telescopes. This result gives scientists a chance to learn what happens when some of the largest objects in the Universe go at each other in a cosmic free-for-all. |
| How Life-threatening Blood Clots Take Hold Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT When plaques coating blood vessel walls rupture and expose collagen, platelets spring into action to form a blood clot at the damaged site. Now scientists reveal how those life-threatening clots -- a leading cause of death in the United States, Europe and other industrialized countries -- get an early grip. The discovery might offer a new way to fight clot formation before it can even begin, according to the researchers. |
| Solomon Islands Earthquake Sheds Light On Enhanced Tsunami Risk Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT The 2007 Solomon Island earthquake may point to previously unknown increased earthquake and tsunami risks because of the unusual tectonic plate geography and the sudden change in direction of the earthquake, according to geoscientists. |
| Simple Color-changing Strip Can Be Quicker, Easier Way To Test For Gum Disease Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Researchers have found that a color-changing oral strip is as effective in detecting periodontal disease as traditional methods, and is easier and less costly to administer. |
| Carbon Dioxide Transformed Into Methanol Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT Scientists have succeeded in unlocking the potential of carbon dioxide -- a common greenhouse gas -- by converting it into a more useful product. |
| Vegan Buddhist Nuns Have Same Bone Density As Non-vegetarians Posted: 17 Apr 2009 02:00 PM PDT A study comparing the bone health of 105 post-menopausal vegan Buddhist nuns and 105 non-vegetarian women, matched in every other physical respect, has produced a surprising result. Their bone density was identical. |
| RNA Used To Reprogram One Cell Type Into Another Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT For the past decade, researchers have tried to tweak cells at the gene and nucleus level to reprogram their identity. Now, working on the idea that the signature of a cell is defined by molecules called messenger RNAs, which contain the chemical blueprint for how to make a protein, researchers have found another way to change one cell type into another. |
| Genetic Variant Tied To Increased Stroke Risk Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT Millions of people have a genetic variant linked to increased risk of ischemic stroke, according to new research. |
| Scorpion Venom With Nanoparticles Slows Spread Of Brain Cancer Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT By combining nanoparticles with a scorpion venom compound already being investigated for treating brain cancer, researchers found they could cut the spread of cancerous cells by 98 percent, compared to 45 percent for the scorpion venom alone. |
| Key Decision-point At Which Cells With Broken DNA Repair Themselves Or Die Identified Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT Cells that undergo potentially catastrophic damage must make a decision: either to fix the damage or program themselves for death, a process called apoptosis. Scientists have found that the protein Eyes Absent regulates intracellular signals at this decision point to allow the formation of specialized microenvironments on DNA, called gamma-H2A.X foci, which let the cell to summon repair enzymes to the site of broken DNA strands. |
| Changing Climate May Lead To Devastating Loss Of Phosphorus From Soil Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT Crop growth, drinking water and recreational water sports could all be adversely affected if predicted changes in rainfall patterns over the coming years prove true, according to new research. |
| Laughter Remains Good Medicine Posted: 17 Apr 2009 11:00 AM PDT More on the mind-emotion-disease model: A new study finds that "mirthful laughter," coupled with standard diabetic treatment, raises good cholesterol and may lower heart attack risk. |
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